Environmental Geology — Principles and Practice

Pacheco, Marcus

doi:10.1016/s0013-7952(99)00094-0

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Information on DTB is useful for mineral exploration [Wilford et al, 2016] and crop yield modelling [Calviño et al, 2003]. Civil engineers need information on DTB to build safe, stable buildings, roads, railways, bridges, and to locate water wells [Price, 2009].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the global depth to bedrock for land surface modeling

Shangguan

Hengl

Jesus

et al. 2017

J Adv Model Earth Syst

247

187

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Depth to bedrock serves as the lower boundary of land surface models, which controls hydrologic and biogeochemical processes. This paper presents a framework for global estimation of depth to bedrock (DTB). Observations were extracted from a global compilation of soil profile data (ca. 1,30,000 locations) and borehole data (ca. 1.6 million locations). Additional pseudo‐observations generated by expert knowledge were added to fill in large sampling gaps. The model training points were then overlaid on a stack of 155 covariates including DEM‐based hydrological and morphological derivatives, lithologic units, MODIS surface reflectance bands and vegetation indices derived from the MODIS land products. Global spatial prediction models were developed using random forest and Gradient Boosting Tree algorithms. The final predictions were generated at the spatial resolution of 250 m as an ensemble prediction of the two independently fitted models. The 10–fold cross‐validation shows that the models explain 59% for absolute DTB and 34% for censored DTB (depths deep than 200 cm are predicted as 200 cm). The model for occurrence of R horizon (bedrock) within 200 cm does a good job. Visual comparisons of predictions in the study areas where more detailed maps of depth to bedrock exist show that there is a general match with spatial patterns from similar local studies. Limitation of the data set and extrapolation in data spare areas should not be ignored in applications. To improve accuracy of spatial prediction, more borehole drilling logs will need to be added to supplement the existing training points in under‐represented areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the global depth to bedrock for land surface modeling

Shangguan

Hengl

Jesus

et al. 2017

J Adv Model Earth Syst

247

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From Table 3 and Figure 11, it can be observed that the UCS values range from 0.16 MPa to 1.3 MPa. Generally, values of UCS between 0.5 and 1.5 MPa, would represent very hard (cemented) soil to very weak rock falling in the category of intermediate geological material (i.e., between that of engineering soil and engineering rock), while UCS values less than 0.5 would generally represent engineering soil 54,55,56 . Values of UCS between 0.5 and 1.0 MPa would also be considered as representative of artificially cemented granular soils 57,58 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEM multi‐scale insights on the pre‐failure behavior of mature structured sands: Influence of bond type, amount, breakage pattern and heterogeneity

Reddy

Senetakis

2023

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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A new approach in the calibration process of DEM samples of structured sand is presented. Micromechanical‐based experimental data are interpreted to develop a failure model and a range of input parameters in the DEM analyses are incorporated considering strong and a weak bonds in the simulated samples. Subsequently, the numerical samples correspond to analog mature structured soil/sandstone in terms of both compositional and textural maturity, and the study focused on the small‐to‐medium strain shear modulus and on providing multi‐scale insights of the simulated materials. The heterogeneity of the structured sand is incorporated based on Gaussian and Weibull distributions of the contact properties and four major parameters are examined including bonding amount/content, bonding strength, heterogeneity, and confining pressure. The numerical results showed, at the macroscopic level, agreement with respect to a number of element‐size experiments on sandstones which were re‐analyzed in the present work, in terms of stiffness—pressure relationship, stiffness reduction, and occurrence of the yield point associated with the initiation of bond breakage. It was shown that even though the bond strength and amount of bonds are important influencing factors on the macroscopic behavior of the structured sand, the incorporation of heterogeneity can significantly alter the interpretations of the microscopic involved mechanisms. This unveils that the implementation of “average” input parameters cannot capture well the contributing mechanisms which influence the deformation characteristics of structured soils and sandstones.

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“…Stress is defined as the application of force to a specific area. Disturbance of the balance of force distribution in such a slope causes soil or rock mass movement [10]- [12]. Figure 2 depicts the distribution of stresses acting on a slope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2 depicts the distribution of stresses acting on a slope. The basic theory of the study states that slopes constructed of hard rock have different characteristics from slopes constructed of soil [4], [9], [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock slope kinematics analysis by Markland method of the Bener District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

Kusumayudha

Thamrin

Purwanto

2023

IJAAS

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Bener District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia, located in the Kulon Progo Mountains can be classified as a high-risk area. Many experts and researchers have studied landslides, but there has been little research on rock slope kinematics. In fact, when such a rock slope is unstable and poorly monitored, it has the potential to endanger the community or facilities at the adjacent site. This is why slope kinematics research is required. To complete this study, rock kinematics analysis using the Markland method was performed on six representative slopes. The assessment results show that Kaliwader slope A, Kaliwader slope B, and Argosari slope each tend to collapse with wedge failure, Kaliwader slope D and Wadas slope have the potential for wedge failure and planar slide, but Kaliwader slope C does not. Despite their steep inclination, slopes that are likely to fail are strongly related to the presence of geologic structures, particularly joints, and faults, at the sites. The findings of this study will be helpful in the development of landslide vulnerability zones in the context of disaster mitigation.

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Environmental Geology — Principles and Practice

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Mapping the global depth to bedrock for land surface modeling

Mapping the global depth to bedrock for land surface modeling

DEM multi‐scale insights on the pre‐failure behavior of mature structured sands: Influence of bond type, amount, breakage pattern and heterogeneity

Rock slope kinematics analysis by Markland method of the Bener District, Purworejo Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

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