Environmental geochemistry of a Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit at the abandoned Valzinco mine, Virginia, USA

Seal, Robert R.; Hammarstrom, Jane M.; Johnson, Adam N.; Piatak, Nadine M.; Wandless, G. A.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.001

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Oxidative weathering of pyrite can generate highly acidic conditions, which in turn enhance the solubility of metals from other sulfide minerals and from gangue silicate and carbonate minerals. The acid and metals collectively affect surface-and ground-water quality and associated aquatic ecosystems and drinking-water supplies (Gunduz et al 2007;Gunduz and Baba 2008;Seal et al 2008). Similarly, weathering of volcanic rocks has also been addressed in some studies of volcanic islands (Louvat et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Alteration Zones on Water Quality: A Case Study from Biga Peninsula, Turkey

Baba

Gündüz

2009

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Widespread and intense zones of silicified, propylitic, and argillic alteration can be found in the Ç an volcanics of Biga Peninsula, northwest Turkey. Most of the springs in the study area surface out from the boundary between fractured aquifer (silicified zone) and impervious boundary (argillic zone). This study focuses on two such springs in Kirazlı area (Kirazlı and Balaban springs) with a distinct quality pattern. Accordingly, field parameters (temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity), major anion and cation (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, and sulfate), heavy metals (aluminum, arsenic, barium, chromium, cobalt, cupper, iron, lithium, manganese, nickel, lead, and zinc), and isotopes (oxygen-18, deuterium, and tritium) were determined in water samples taken from these springs during 2005 through 2007. The chemical analyses showed that aluminum concentrations were found to be two orders of magnitude greater in Kirazlı waters (mean value 13813.25 lg/L). The levels of this element exceeded the maximum allowable limits given in national and international standards for drinking-water quality. In addition, Balaban and Kirazlı springs are [55 years old according to their tritium levels; Kirazlı spring is older than Balaban spring. Kirazlı spring is also more enriched than Balaban spring based in oxygen-18 and deuterium values. Furthermore, Kirazlı spring water has been in contact with altered rocks longer than Balaban spring water, according to its relatively high chloride and electrical conductivity values.Water-rock interaction is an important topic influencing the water quality as well as human health. Particularly in altered systems, these interactions are more important for local inhabitants using water for drinking purposes because the water in such systems might contain increased levels of certain elements that are potentially detrimental to human health. Thus, these interactions should be assessed carefully in areas of complex geology where rocks formed as a result of hydrothermal system are predominant.Hydrothermal fluids carry metals in solution, coming either from a nearby igneous source, from leaching of subsurface rocks, or both (Henley et al. 1984). These fluids then alter other rocks, changing their mineralogy and chemical composition (Nicholson 1993;Verma et al. 2005;Pandarinath et al. 2008). Complex zoned alteration patterns have been well documented from a large number of important hydrothermal ore deposit types, including submarine-volcanogenic massive sulphide (Finlow-Bates and

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Alteration Zones on Water Quality: A Case Study from Biga Peninsula, Turkey

Baba

Gündüz

2009

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…It is seen that these parameters increase from YI-9 to YI-1, depending on increasing flow direction distance, interaction with geological units, and mixture of geothermal waters before YI-3 and YI-2 measurement points. During rock-water interactions, concentrations of dissolved constitu ents typically increase and minerals undergo transformations that affect the subsequent mobility and bioavailability of various elements (Baba and Gunduz 2010;Gunduz et al, 2007;Gunduz and Baba 2008;Keskin and Topta §, 2012;Seal et al, 2008). In addition, these parameters decreased slightly from YI-2 to YI-1 due to precipitation, dilution effects, and so forth.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrogeological Features and Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Waters in the Yıldız River Basin (Sivas, Turkey)

Keskin

Kaçaroğlu

2015

Water Environment Research

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The study area, located in the Yıldız River Basin (Sivas), has eight geothermal waters, which are used for balneotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the natural and/or anthropogenic water pollution in terms of drinking and irrigation water in the Sıcak Çermik, Uyuz Çermiği, and Hamzaşeyh Çermiği geothermal areas. Na+, Cl–, SO4−2, B, Mn, Fe, As, and Se concentrations of the geothermal waters generally exceed the upper limits stated in the Turkish Standards for Water Intended for Human Consumption and World Health Organization regulations. Based on the irrigation water classification by the U.S. Salinity Laboratory Diagram, it is concluded that these waters may have hazardous levels of salinity and sodium when used as irrigation water. Wastewater from these health and tourism centers is discharged into the Yıldız River and to agricultural land. This procedure causes increase in the concentrations of major and minor elements and negatively affects the river water quality.

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“…The FLT, often with slight variations, has been applied to a variety of contemporary and historical mine waste materials such as exposed open pit ore faces, waste rock, and tailings impoundments in Sardinia, Italy (Da Pelo et al, 2009); waste rock, smelting slag, and tailings deposits in multiple states of the USA (Piatak et al, 2004;Hammarstrom et al, 2005;Hageman, 2007;Seal et al, 2008); and tailings-impacted river sediment in Zimapán, Mexico (Espinosa et al, 2009). The goal of the following study was to use the FLT in conjunction with standard water quality characterization to determine the possible impacts of in-channel tailings in the upper Rio Pilcomayo watershed.…”

Section: Until the Construction Of Tailings Dams In 2004 Potosi's Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Quality Impacts From in-Stream Mine Tailings in Rio Tarapaya, Potosí, Bolivia

Strosnider¹,

Nairn²,

Montero³

et al. 2011

JASMR

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Although recent construction of tailings dams has dramatically decreased solids discharge rates, pyrite-dominated polymetallic sulfide mine tailings persist as the primary in-stream substrate of the upper Rio Pilcomayo, a crucial water resource in the arid Southeastern Bolivian highlands. Rio Tarapaya is a primary tributary of the upper Rio Pilcomayo that drains Potosí, Bolivia, where intensive hard rock mining and ore processing has occurred for five centuries. In conjunction with standard water quality testing, field leach tests were performed on saturated sediment within the active channel as well as unsaturated sediment deposited on the banks of the Rio Tarapaya during highflow events. Results indicate that weathering of in-stream tailings is contributing to deleterious concentrations of various ecotoxic metals. Of special concern is the mobilization of metals and acidity with increases in water level, such as occurs at the onset of the rainy season. The highly seasonal, arid climate provides for long periods of mineral oxidation followed by large precipitation events which mobilize weathered oxidation products. The reactivity of the millions of tonnes of in-stream tailings in Rio Tarapaya suggests that the upper Rio Pilcomayo will remain severely degraded for the foreseeable future and remediation will continue to be a daunting task.

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Environmental geochemistry of a Kuroko-type massive sulfide deposit at the abandoned Valzinco mine, Virginia, USA

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Alteration Zones on Water Quality: A Case Study from Biga Peninsula, Turkey

Effect of Alteration Zones on Water Quality: A Case Study from Biga Peninsula, Turkey

Hydrogeological Features and Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Waters in the Yıldız River Basin (Sivas, Turkey)

Water Quality Impacts From in-Stream Mine Tailings in Rio Tarapaya, Potosí, Bolivia

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