Environmental fate of selected phosphate esters

Review of OPFRs in animals and humans: Absorption, bioaccumulation, metabolism, and internal exposure research

“…Measurements of OPFR biodegradability and bioaccumulation in the environment date back to the 1970s, when OPFRs were recognized to have moderate potential to accumulate in aquatic organisms (Saeger et al, 1979). OPFRs have greater variation in the log Kow range than PBDEs (i.e., log Kow of PBDEs ranges from 4.3 to 9.9 (Van Ael et al, 2013)) and show less bioaccumulation than PBDEs, with bioconcentration factors (BCFs) ranging from 128 to 44,430 (Mansouri et al, 2012).…”

Occurrence and dry deposition of organophosphate esters in atmospheric particles over the northern South China Sea

“…OPEs can also be used as extractants in other processes such as hydrometallurgy and nuclear energy (Reemtsma et al, 2008). Measurements of OPE biodegradability and bioaccumulation in the environment date back to the 1970s and 1980s (Sheldon and Hites, 1978;Saeger et al, 1979). Fewer studies followed until concern re-emerged surrounding high environmental concentrations and the health risks from their use in indoor environments (Carlsson et al, 1997).…”

Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater Systems

“…Near the industrial point source at location T1 the concentrations peaked at 170 and 390 ng/g, respectively (see Table 4). Although the potential biodegradation in water and activated sludge slurries has been demonstrated (e.g., Saeger et al, 1979), during the current investigation TBP and TTP have been detected at elevated concentrations at station T2a in a sediment layer dated back to 1979/80, illustrating their environmental stability. In addition to our results for the Havel and Spree river phosphate plasticizers were also detected in comparable environmental systems, e.g.…”

“…Important representatives in terms of environmental contamination are phthalates and phosphates. Due to permant leaching processes these compounds migrate to environmental compartments and, consequently, were detected in river and groundwater systems (Saeger et al 1979;Bohlen et al 1989;Bohlen et al 1990;Lenhart and Lemm 1993;Tan 1995, Fries and. Both groups also exhibit partially toxicological, estrogenic and ecotoxicological properties.…”