Environmental Fate of Organophosphate Residues from Agricultural Soils to Fresh Farm Produce: Microbial Interventions for Sustainable Bioremediation Strategies

Mahajan, Rishi; Chandel, Shalini; Chatterjee, Subhankar

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-9117-0_9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Results from biomonitoring studies have shown that three main chemical groups to which humans are continuously exposed are phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides . Phthalates and bisphenols are chemicals typically used as solvents and plasticizers to improve plastic product characteristics and therefore are present in products such as food packaging materials, cosmetics, and flooring materials. − OP pesticides are insecticides, in particular used to protect crops in agricultural settings, which are present in, for example, fruit and vegetables. − Although exposure sources and routes vary between these three chemical groups, diet is an important source of exposure to OP pesticides, phthalates, and bisphenols. These compounds are nonpersistent and, consequently after exposure, rapidly metabolized and excreted. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems

Dries

Ferguson

Keil

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemicals such as phthalates, bisphenols, and organophosphate (OP) pesticides is ubiquitous and occurs in mixtures. So far, epidemiological studies investigating neurodevelopmental consequences of these exposures have mainly been restricted to single-pollutant models. Thus, we studied the association between prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures and child IQ and emotional and behavioral problems. Data came from 782 mother–child pairs. Eleven phthalate, one bisphenol, and five OP pesticide urinary exposure biomarkers were measured three times during pregnancy and averaged. Nonverbal IQ, internalizing and attention problems, aggressive behavior, and autistic traits were assessed at child age 6 years. We used quantile g-computation to estimate the change in each outcome per quartile increase in all chemicals within the mixture. Higher exposure to the mixture was associated with lower nonverbal IQ (−4.0 points (95%CI = −7.0, −1.0), −5.5 points (95%CI = −10.2, −0.9), and −4.6 points (95%CI = −10.8, 1.5) for the second, third, and fourth quartile, respectively, compared to the first quartile). These results were mainly driven by the phthalate mixture. No association was observed with emotional and behavioral problems. Prenatal exposure to nonpersistent chemical mixtures was associated with lower nonverbal IQ in children. Exposure to chemical mixtures during gestation is universal and may impact neurodevelopment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems

Dries

Ferguson

Keil

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…OPs represent at least 20% of the 3.5 billion kilograms of pesticides used globally every year. , The low cost, easy access, and overall efficiency justify the elevated use of OPs . However, despite their importance of preventing crop losses, agrochemicals are responsible for more than 300 000 human deaths caused by intoxications annually. − In that scenario, in situ alkaline hydrolysis of OPs has been used in the past decades as a cost-effective method for degradation of unused stocks. , Despite its alleged economic advantage, it is not effective toward some nerve agents and even some pesticides. , Moreover, alkaline hydrolysis requires control of byproduct pollutants, such as complexes formed from metal ions in solution .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9−11 OPs represent at least 20% of the 3.5 billion kilograms of pesticides used globally every year. 12,13 The low cost, easy access, and overall efficiency justify the elevated use of OPs. 13 However, despite their importance of preventing crop losses, agrochemicals are responsible for more than 300 000 human deaths caused by intoxications annually.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Organophosphates Promoted by 1,2,4-Triazole Anion: Exploring Scaffolds for Efficient Catalytic Systems

et al. 2021

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Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are responsible for numerous human deaths every year. Nucleophilic substitution is an important method to mitigate the toxicity of obsolete stocks of OPs. Herein, the degradation of O,O-diethyl-2,4-dinitrophenyl phosphate (DEDNPP) and pesticide diethyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphate (Paraoxon) promoted by 1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) was investigated by means of kinetic studies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses, and theoretical calculations. Results showed fast degradation of OPs is promoted by the anionic form of the nucleophile (TAZ(−)) in pH > 8.5 (optimal at pH = 11). Rate enhancements of 106 and 105-fold in relation to neutral hydrolysis of DEDNPP and Paraoxon were observed, respectively, consistent with alpha-nucleophiles reactivity. TAZ(−) regioselectively promotes the degradation of DEDNPP via P–O bond break, forming a quickly hydrolyzable phosphorylated intermediate, regenerating the nucleophile. Calculations using M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory revealed that the equivalent nitrogen atoms of TAZ(−) are the main nucleophilic center of the molecule. This study expands the knowledge on the reactivity of iminic compounds as detoxificant agents of OPs, indicating the efficiency and selectivity of TAZ(−) in aqueous medium, encouraging the design of novel TAZ-based catalysts.

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“…Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are chemical agents often used in agriculture to protect crops against insects. At present, five billion pounds of pesticides are being applied worldwide and approximately 33% are OP pesticides (Mahajan et al, 2019). Similarly, between 1998 and one third of the insecticides used in the Netherlands were OP pesticides (CBS, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and brain morphology and white matter microstructure in preadolescents

Dries

Lamballais

Marroun

et al. 2020

Environmental Research

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Background: Prenatal exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticides associate with impaired neurodevelopment in humans and animal models. However, much uncertainty exists about the brain structural alterations underlying these associations. The objective of this study was to determine whether maternal OP pesticide metabolite concentrations in urine repeatedly measured during gestation are associated with brain morphology and white matter microstructure in 518 preadolescents aged 9-12 years. Method: Data came from 518 mother-child pairs participating in the Generation R Study, a population-based birth cohort from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Maternal urine concentrations were determined for 6 dialkylphosphates (DAPs) including 3 dimethyl (DM) and 3 diethyl (DE) alkyl phosphate metabolites, collected at early, mid, and late pregnancy. At child's age 9-12 years, magnetic resonance imaging was performed to obtain T1-weighted images for brain volumes and surface-based cortical thickness and cortical surface area, and diffusion tensor imaging was used to measure white matter microstructure through fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). Linear regression models were fit for the averaged prenatal exposure across pregnancy. Results: DM and DE metabolite concentrations were not associated with brain volumes, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area. However, a 10-fold increase in averaged DM metabolite concentrations across pregnancy was associated with lower FA (B = − 1.00, 95%CI = − 1.80, − 0.20) and higher MD (B = 0.13, 95%CI = 0.04, 0.21). Similar associations were observed for DE concentrations. Conclusions: This study provides the first evidence that OP pesticides may alter normal white matter microstructure in children, which could have consequences for normal neurodevelopment. No associations were observed with structural brain morphology, including brain volumes, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area.

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Environmental Fate of Organophosphate Residues from Agricultural Soils to Fresh Farm Produce: Microbial Interventions for Sustainable Bioremediation Strategies

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems

Prenatal Exposure to Nonpersistent Chemical Mixtures and Offspring IQ and Emotional and Behavioral Problems

Degradation of Organophosphates Promoted by 1,2,4-Triazole Anion: Exploring Scaffolds for Efficient Catalytic Systems

Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and brain morphology and white matter microstructure in preadolescents

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