Environmental Fate And Effect Of Contaminants In Produced Water

Johnsen, Ståle; Utvik, Toril I. Røe; Garland, Emmanuel; Vals, Bruno de; Campbell, John

doi:10.2118/86708-ms

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The discharges of petroleum-derived waste streams from oil and gas exploration and productions are toxic to the coastal waters, soils and sediments near the discharge points. For example, disposal of produced water poses several threats to marine ecosystems and local effects have been observed in shallow estuarine or coastal waters [82][83][84][85][86][87]. According to Roach et al [86], adverse impacts to mangrove vegetation are the most obvious signs of environmental effects resulting from produced water spills or discharges.…”

Section: Drilling Discharges and Petroleumderived Chemical Wastes In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigeria’s Niger Delta

Ite¹,

Ibok²,

Ite³

et al. 2013

ENV

157

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Petroleum exploration and production in the Nigeria's Niger Delta region and export of oil and gas resources by the petroleum sector has substantially improved the nation's economy over the past five decades. However, activities associated with petroleum exploration, development and production operations have local detrimental and significant impacts on the atmosphere, soils and sediments, surface and groundwater, marine environment and terrestrial ecosystems in the Niger Delta. Discharges of petroleum hydrocarbon and petroleumderived waste streams have caused environmental pollution, adverse human health effects, socioeconomic problems and degradation of host communities in the 9 oil-producing states in the Niger Delta region. Many approaches have been developed for the management of environmental impacts of petroleum production-related activities and several environmental laws have been institutionalized to regulate the Nigerian petroleum industry. However, the existing statutory laws and regulations for environmental protection appear to be grossly inadequate and some of the multinational oil companies operating in the Niger Delta region have failed to adopt sustainable practices to prevent environmental pollution. This review examines the implications of multinational oil companies operations and further highlights some of the past and present environmental issues associated with petroleum exploitation and production in the Nigeria's Niger Delta. Although effective understanding of petroleum production and associated environmental degradation is importance for developing management strategies, there is a need for more multidisciplinary approaches for sustainable risk mitigation and effective environmental protection of the oilproducing host communities in the Niger Delta.

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Section: Drilling Discharges and Petroleumderived Chemical Wastes In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigeria’s Niger Delta

Ite¹,

Ibok²,

Ite³

et al. 2013

ENV

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A wide variety of production chemicals are used to facilitate the production process including antifoams, biocides (to prevent fouling), corrosion inhibitors, and demulsifiers (Johnsen et al, 2004; Kelland, 2009, 2014; Lee & Neff, 2011; McCormack et al, 2001, 2002; Neff et al, 2011; Sørensen et al, 2019; Zheng et al, 2016). The chemical constituents and associated toxicity in these products are highly variable (Henderson et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Substance‐Based and Whole‐Effluent Toxicity of Produced Water Discharges from Norwegian Offshore Oil and Gas Installations

Vries

Jak

Frost

2022

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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When assessing the environmental risks of offshore produced water discharges, it is key to properly assess the toxicity of this complex mixture. Toxicity can be assessed either through the application of whole-effluent toxicity (WET) testing or based on its substance-based chemical composition or both. In the present study, the toxicity assessed based on WET and substance-based was compared for 25 offshore produced water effluents collected for the Norwegian implementation of the Oslo-Paris convention risk-based assessment program. The objectives were, firstly, to examine the concurrence between toxicity estimates derived from these two lines of evidence; and, secondly, to evaluate whether toxicity of produced water discharges predicted from substance-based data is adequately addressed in comparison with ground truth reflected by WET. For both approaches, 50% hazardous concentrations (HC50s) were calculated. For at least 80% of the effluents the HC50s for the two approaches differed by less than a factor of 5. Differences found between the two approaches can be attributed to the uncertainty in the estimation of the concentration of production chemicals that strongly influences the substance-based estimated toxicity. By evaluating effluents on a case-by-case basis, additional causes were hypothesized. Risk management will particularly benefit from the strength of risk endpoints from both approaches by monitoring them periodically in conjunction over time. This way (in)consistencies in trends of both indicators can be evaluated and addressed.

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“…Produced water can also contain large amounts of organic material, particles, inorganic salts, and low molecular weight organic acids like acetic acid and propionic acid and can have high levels of sulphur and sulphide. The injected water component of produced water can bring traces of added chemicals such as biocides, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, emulsion breakers, coagulants flocculants and oxygen scavengers to the surface [15,16]. Sulphate reducing bacteria may also be present in produced water [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Thermodynamic Parameters on the Concentration of Pollutants in Produced Water from Crude Oil Production

Ngene

Tota-Maharaj

2019

JENRR

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Thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure of petroleum reservoirs are among the most important physical characteristics which are required to effectively produce crude oil from the reservoirs. Oil and gas reservoir pressures determines if external energy is required to force well fluids out of the reservoir; the temperature of the reservoir determines the flow characteristics of the produced fluid through the tubing and along the flowline by its influence on the viscosity of the fluid. The produced fluid is made up of produced water, crude oil and natural gas. Produced water contains several substances which at certain concentrations could pose health threats to living organism in the environment. Local regulatory authorities do not allow discharge of produced water to the environment except the prescribed limits for selected pollutants contained in the produced water are not exceeded. This has led to post-production treatment of produced water in most crude oil production facility in order to meet these limits. This treatment increases the cost of production of crude oil thereby reducing the profitability of crude oil production process. It is believed that thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure are capable of either decomposing or altering the structure of some pollutants thereby reducing their concentration in the produced water at the end of the production process. This research has employed an environmental process engineering simulator (Aspen HYSYS) to determine which thermodynamic variables of temperature and pressure could be altered in combination to reduce the concentration of pollutants in produced water to meet the regulatory limits prior to discharge.

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Environmental Fate And Effect Of Contaminants In Produced Water

Abstract: TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractIn 1994, the

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigeria’s Niger Delta

Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigeria’s Niger Delta

Comparison of Substance‐Based and Whole‐Effluent Toxicity of Produced Water Discharges from Norwegian Offshore Oil and Gas Installations

Effect of Thermodynamic Parameters on the Concentration of Pollutants in Produced Water from Crude Oil Production

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