Environmental Factors that Influence the Toxicity of Heavy Metal and Gaseous Pollutants to Microorganisms

Babich, H.; Stotzky, G.

doi:10.3109/10408418009081123

Cited by 256 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Desorption and bioavailability is dependent on soil characteristics such as organic matter content, clay mineralogy, pH, iron oxide content and redox conditions (Babich and Stotzky 1980). Of these, pH is often found to have the largest influence, due to its strong effects on solubility and speciation of metals both in the soil as a whole and particularly in the soil solution.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The availability of Cd, Pb and Zn and their relationships with soil pH and microbial biomass in soils amended by natural clinoptilolite

Mühlbachová¹,

Šimon²,

Pechová³

2005

Plant Soil Environ.

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The relationships among soil microbial biomass, pH and available of heavy metal fractions were evaluated in longterm contaminated soils during an incubation experiment with the amendment of zeolite (natural clinoptilolite) and the subsequent addition of glucose. The values of pH a�er the addition of glucose decreased during the first day of incubation approximately at about one unit and corresponded with the maximum increase of microbial biomass. The available heavy metal contents extracted by H 2 O, 1 mol/l NH 4 NO 3 and 0.005 mol/l DTPA increased during the first two days of incubation. Only a few significant relationships were found between the available metal contents and pH or microbial biomass. This fact could be ascribed to the different dynamics of the microbial biomass, pH and metal availability a�er glucose addition, when the highest metal contents during the incubation were usually reached one day later in respect to the greatest changes of pH and microbial activity. In comparison to soils without zeolite addition, the variants with natural clinoptilolite showed lower heavy metal contents in all used extractants with the exception of Cd which in H 2 O extracts tended to increase.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The availability of Cd, Pb and Zn and their relationships with soil pH and microbial biomass in soils amended by natural clinoptilolite

Mühlbachová¹,

Šimon²,

Pechová³

2005

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…Most of the studies on environmental toxicology dealing with microorganisms have been concerned with determination of a concentration of a metal or metal complex that is inhibitory and or lethal to the target organism, under artificial laboratory conditions (Babich and Stotzky, 1980;Bagde and Varma, 1982;Bhagwat and Srivastava, 1993). Inhibitory or lethal concentration of a metal is dependent on various factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent past quite a lot of work has been done with reference to the interaction of metals and microorganisms. Most of the heavy metals have been reported to be toxic to living cells (Abelson and Aldous, 1950;Pickett and Dean, 1979;Babich andStotzky, 1980, Bagde andVarma, 1982;Bhagwat and Shrivastava, 1993). Toxicity of metal is largely a function of concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic toxicity in pathogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Surve¹,

Bagde²

2010

IJB

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The sensitivity of pure cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae towards arsenic was studied with particular reference to biochemical changes induced by the heavy metal in these organisms. Arsenic strongly inhibited the growth and viability of both the organisms. Addition of arsenic prolonged the lag phase and this was found to be the concentration dependent phenomenon. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined was 200 ppm and 20 ppm in S. epidermidis and K. pneumoniae respectively that inhibited growth, synthesis of protein, DNA, RNA completely and activity of dehydrogenases of the TCA cycle. In S. epidermidis and K. pneumoniae, cell wall, membrane and cytoplasm 24.5%, 32.5%, 43% and 20%, 35%, 45% arsenic respectively got incorporated. As the activity of dehydrogenases was inhibited by arsenic, cells were incapable of oxidizing substrate. It resulted in limited supply of energy rich compounds such as ATP that affected the synthesis of macromolecules. Ultimately multiplication and growth of the organism got ceased.

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“…Several vv'orkers have used different concentrations of dissolved SOj in liquid or semi-liquids whilst manipulating the different solubility products of SO, through alteration of pH (Puckett et al, 1973;Babich & Stotzky, 1980). In the experiment of , differential inhibition was concluded to be a selective effect of SO'^ on microorganisms, but the effective concentration of SOg in the presence of media containing carbohydrates was unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulphur dioxide effects on fungi growing on leaf litter and agar media

et al. 1996

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SUMM.'\RYRespiration of four decomposer fungi {Mycena galopus (Pers.) Kummer, Aureobasidium pullulans {de Bary) Arnaud, Phoma exigua Desm. and Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries) growing on four species of leaf litter (Pinus sylvestris L., Picea sitchensis (Bongard) Carriere, Fraxinus excelsior L. and Corylus avellana L.) was inhibited by dry-deposited SOg in a laboratory experiment. Mycelial extension of the four fungi growing on four different agar media was inhibited by SO, fumigation (40 nl T') in the laboratory, and media containing carbohydrates decreased the inhibitory effect of SO^ fumigation. Fumigation caused a statistically significant reduction in the mycelial extension of all species tested on tap-water agar. These experiments demonstrate that deconnposition of leaf litter is inhibited by environmentally realistic concentrations of SOj and that the effect is exerted via inhibition of saprotrophic fungi.

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Environmental Factors that Influence the Toxicity of Heavy Metal and Gaseous Pollutants to Microorganisms

Cited by 256 publications

References 164 publications

The availability of Cd, Pb and Zn and their relationships with soil pH and microbial biomass in soils amended by natural clinoptilolite

The availability of Cd, Pb and Zn and their relationships with soil pH and microbial biomass in soils amended by natural clinoptilolite

Arsenic toxicity in pathogenic Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Sulphur dioxide effects on fungi growing on leaf litter and agar media

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