Environmental factors reducing the toxicity of zinc to<i>Stigeoclonium tenue</i>

Harding, J.P.C.; Whitton, Brian A.

doi:10.1080/00071617700650041

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This is probably due to the enhancement of the resistance mechanisms in the alga. This hypothesis is supported by previous studies (Stokes 1975;Harding and Whitton 1976;Takamura et al 1989;Kaplan et al 1995). However, good correlation was determined only for Cd 2+ in the two areas of Laguna de Bay.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Metal resistance and removal by two strains of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, isolated from Laguna de Bay, Philippines

et al. 2007

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Two strains of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck isolated from two different sites in Laguna de Bay, Philippines, were studied for their resistance and ability to remove four metal ions, i.e., Cu 2+ , Cr 6+ , Pb 2+ , and Cd 2+ added separately in BG-11 growth medium. The growth of the two strains was severely inhibited at 2 mg.l −1 of Cu 2+ , 5 mg.l −1 of Cr 6+ , 8 mg.l −1 of Pb 2+ , and 10 mg.l −1 of Cd 2+ . However, the two strains exhibited different EC 50 values for the same metal ion. The WB strain had a significantly higher resistance (p<0.01) for Cd 2+ and Cr 6+ compared with the SB strain, while the SB strain had significantly higher resistance (p<0.01) for Cu 2+ compared with the WB strain. On the other hand, the two strains behaved differently in their capacity to remove the metal ions in BG-11 medium containing 1.0 mg.L −1 of the three metal ions, except for Cu 2+ , which was added at 0.1 mg.L −1 . The WB strain showed the highest removal of Cd 2+ at 70.3% of total, followed by Pb 2+ at 32%, while the SB strain exhibited the highest removal of Pb 2+ at 48.7% followed by Cd 2+ at 40.7% of the total. Both strains showed the least removal of Cr 6+ at 28% and 20.8% of the total for the WB and SB strains respectively. The percentage removal for Cu 2+ was 50.7% and 60.8% for the WB and SB strains respectively. After 12 days of incubation, both strains showed that a greater percentage of the metal ions removed were accumulated intracellularly than adsorbed at a ratio of at least 2:1. Both strains manifested the same cytological deformities, like a loss of pyrenoids at 10 mg.L −1 in all four metal ions. Discoloration and disintegration of chloroplasts were observed at 1.0 mg.L −1 in Cu 2+ and 5 mg.L −1 in Cr 6+ . The nonrelease of autospores from the mother cells was observed at 10 mg.L −1 in Cu 2+ and Cr 6+ .

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Metal resistance and removal by two strains of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, isolated from Laguna de Bay, Philippines

et al. 2007

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“…Many studies support the hypothesis that metal toxicity is reduced in response to increases in P concentrations (Harding and Whitton 1977; Say and Whitton 1977; Chen 1994). On the other hand, several studies indicate that metals can induce nutrient limitation which can result in reduced algal growth (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Influence of phosphorus on copper sensitivity of fluvial periphyton: the role of chemical, physiological and community-related factors

et al. 2009

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The influence of eutrophication of fluvial ecosystems (caused by increased phosphorus concentrations) on periphyton Cu sensitivity is explored from a multi-scale perspective, going from the field to the laboratory. The study design included three tiers: a field study including the characterization of land use and the ecological state of the corresponding river sections in the Fluvià River watershed, an experimental investigation performed with natural periphyton from the previously studied stream sites in indoor channels, and finally a culture study in the laboratory. Results showed that differences in copper sensitivity of natural periphyton communities followed the gradient of nutrient concentration found in the field. Results from the culture experiments demonstrated that both, P-conditions during growth and P-content in the media are important factors modulating the toxicological response of algae to Cu. The observations from this study indicate that the ecological effects of metal pollution in rivers might be obscured by eutrophication.

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“…Similarly, magnesium reduced toxicity of nickel to bacteria and yeast (Abelson and Aldous 1950), to filamentous fungi (Babich and Stotzky 1981, 1982a, 1983b, 1983c, and to a filamentous alga (Say and Whitton 1977). Calcium has been reported to reduce cadmium toxicity to an alga (Gipps and Coller 1982) and to reduce zinc toxicity to a cyanobacterium (Shehata and Whitton 1982) and algae (Harding and Whitton 1977;Rai et al 1981). The protective effect of divalent cations such as zinc against metal toxicity is not limited to microorganisms.…”

Section: Approaches To Increasing Biodegradation In Co-contaminated Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of metals on the biodegradation of organic pollutants.

Sandrin

Maier

2003

Environ Health Perspect

330

179

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Forty percent of hazardous waste sites in the United States are co-contaminated with organic and metal pollutants. Data from both aerobic and anaerobic systems demonstrate that biodegradation of the organic component can be reduced by metal toxicity. Metal bioavailability, determined primarily by medium composition/soil type and pH, governs the extent to which metals affect biodegradation. Failure to consider bioavailability rather than total metal likely accounts for much of the enormous variability among reports of inhibitory concentrations of metals. Metals appear to affect organic biodegradation through impacting both the physiology and ecology of organic degrading microorganisms. Recent approaches to increasing organic biodegradation in the presence of metals involve reduction of metal bioavailability and include the use of metal-resistant bacteria, treatment additives, and clay minerals. The addition of divalent cations and adjustment of pH are additional strategies currently under investigation.

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Environmental factors reducing the toxicity of zinc toStigeoclonium tenue

Cited by 38 publications

References 6 publications

Metal resistance and removal by two strains of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, isolated from Laguna de Bay, Philippines

Metal resistance and removal by two strains of the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, isolated from Laguna de Bay, Philippines

Influence of phosphorus on copper sensitivity of fluvial periphyton: the role of chemical, physiological and community-related factors

Impact of metals on the biodegradation of organic pollutants.

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