Environmental factors exert strong control over the climate-growth relationships of Picea abies in Central Europe

Altman, Jan; Fibich, Pavel; Šantrůčková, Hana; Doležal, Jiří; Štěpánek, Petr; Kopáček, Jiří; Hůnová, Iva; Oulehle, Filip; Tumajer, Jan; Cienciala, Emil

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.134

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…nordmanniana and P. orientalis (Figures 2 and 3), which is in line with results for temperate regions (Altman et al, 2017;Mäkinen et al, 2002;Martín-Benito, del Rio, & Cañellas, 2010;Pederson, Cook, Jacoby, Peteet, & Griffin, 2004;Sidor et al, 2015). nordmanniana and P. orientalis (Figures 2 and 3), which is in line with results for temperate regions (Altman et al, 2017;Mäkinen et al, 2002;Martín-Benito, del Rio, & Cañellas, 2010;Pederson, Cook, Jacoby, Peteet, & Griffin, 2004;Sidor et al, 2015).…”

Section: Influence Of Winter Temperature On Tree Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

Pervasive effects of drought on tree growth across a wide climatic gradient in the temperate forests of the Caucasus

Pederson

Köse

Doğan

et al. 2018

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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Aim The Caucasus is a global biodiversity hotspot that includes a wide diversity of temperate forests, from xeric to mesic and rain forest. Little is known about their vulnerability to climate change. We aimed to identify the major climate constraints on tree growth. Location Western Caucasus of Georgia, Russia and Turkey (40–43° N, 41–43° E). Time period Twentieth century. Major taxa studied Trees, angiosperms and gymnosperms. Methods We used a new network of 35 tree‐ring width chronologies from four angiosperm and four gymnosperm species across an elevational gradient of > 2,000 m. We used correlations to identify the major climate factors (temperature, precipitation and drought) at monthly and seasonal scales affecting tree growth and to assess whether their effects change over time. To explore common response patterns among species, we used self‐organizing maps, a type of artificial neural network. Results Spring or summer drought reduced radial growth of most tree species, despite large differences in elevation. As expected, drought was particularly detrimental at warm, low‐elevation sites. Besides drought, growth of conifers at high elevations was also limited by cold winters and summers. Important species‐specific climate–growth responses were also evident. In general, climate–growth relationships were stable over time, except at some cold‐limited sites, where positive responses to summer and winter temperatures have diminished over the last few decades. Main conclusion Growth responses to precipitation and drought among species were more similar than they were to temperature, even at humid sites, providing further evidence of drought vulnerability in mesic forests. The productivity of high‐elevation conifer forests, limited by summer drought and low temperatures, will depend on the balance between temperature and precipitation. Given that climate change is expected to induce larger climatic gradients in the region, the potential reduction of forest cover at a regional scale would make the conservation of these mesic forests more essential.

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Section: Influence Of Winter Temperature On Tree Growthsupporting

confidence: 88%

Pervasive effects of drought on tree growth across a wide climatic gradient in the temperate forests of the Caucasus

Pederson

Köse

Doğan

et al. 2018

Global Ecol Biogeogr

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“…The increase in climate sensitivity with age has been extensively documented (Altman et al, 2017;Schuster & Oberhuber, 2013) and was linked to ontogeny-related morphophysiological changes (Ryan et al, 2006) leading to a decrease in hydraulic conductance (Magnani, Mencuccini, & Grace, 2000). However, the resulting growth gain would have been outweighed by the growth decline due to late-frost damage, which could explain that growth trends in stands within the central hilly area were more negative than in the westernmost stands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the resulting growth gain would have been outweighed by the growth decline due to late-frost damage, which could explain that growth trends in stands within the central hilly area were more negative than in the westernmost stands. The increase in climate sensitivity with age has been extensively documented (Altman et al, 2017;Schuster & Oberhuber, 2013) and was linked to ontogeny-related morphophysiological changes (Ryan et al, 2006) leading to a decrease in hydraulic conductance (Magnani, Mencuccini, & Grace, 2000). During drought, hydraulic conductance may decrease more strongly in old and tall trees because of greater path resistance (Ryan & Yoder, 1997); the resulting decreases in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis may entail, along with greater metabolic demand in tall trees (Hartmann, 2011) (2014)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tree sensitivity to climate is highly variable across the globe and is modulated by environmental drivers that vary at local-to-global scales Girardin et al, 2016). For example, in Central Europe, water-limited lowland forests are more sensitive to drought, whereas forests in the upland portion of the elevational gradient are primarily temperature-limited (Altman et al, 2017) and can benefit from stronger and faster warming, which is expected for mountainous areas (Pepin et al, 2015). For example, in Central Europe, water-limited lowland forests are more sensitive to drought, whereas forests in the upland portion of the elevational gradient are primarily temperature-limited (Altman et al, 2017) and can benefit from stronger and faster warming, which is expected for mountainous areas (Pepin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, the capacity of a tree to efficiently use resources will also dictate its response to climate (Carrer & Urbinati, 2004). Apart from genotype-driven differences, ontogeny-related changes in a tree's physiological needs and in the efficiency of its hydraulic network (Ryan, Phillips, & Bond, 2006) can modify its sensitivity to climate (Altman et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taxonomy, together with ontogeny and growing conditions, drives needleleaf species' sensitivity to climate in boreal North America

Marchand

Girardin

Hartmann

et al. 2019

Global Change Biology

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Currently, there is no consensus regarding the way that changes in climate will affect boreal forest growth, where warming is occurring faster than in other biomes. Some studies suggest negative effects due to drought‐induced stresses, while others provide evidence of increased growth rates due to a longer growing season. Studies focusing on the effects of environmental conditions on growth–climate relationships are usually limited to small sampling areas that do not encompass the full range of environmental conditions; therefore, they only provide a limited understanding of the processes at play. Here, we studied how environmental conditions and ontogeny modulated growth trends and growth–climate relationships of black spruce (Picea mariana) and jack pine (Pinus banksiana) using an extensive dataset from a forest inventory network. We quantified the long‐term growth trends at the stand scale, based on analysis of the absolutely dated ring‐width measurements of 2,266 trees. We assessed the relationship between annual growth rates and seasonal climate variables and evaluated the effects of various explanatory variables on long‐term growth trends and growth–climate relationships. Both growth trends and growth–climate relationships were species‐specific and spatially heterogeneous. While the growth of jack pine barely increased during the study period, we observed a growth decline for black spruce which was more pronounced for older stands. This decline was likely due to a negative balance between direct growth gains induced by improved photosynthesis during hotter‐than‐average growing conditions in early summers and the loss of growth occurring the following year due to the indirect effects of late‐summer heat waves on accumulation of carbon reserves. For stands at the high end of our elevational gradient, frost damage during milder‐than‐average springs could act as an additional growth stressor. Competition and soil conditions also modified climate sensitivity, which suggests that effects of climate change will be highly heterogeneous across the boreal biome.

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Changes in the radial growth of trees in relation to biogeomorphic processes in an old‐growth forest on flysch, Czechia

Kašpar

Šamonil

Krůček

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Tree radial growth is influenced by individual tree abilities, climate, competition, disturbance regimes, as well as biogeomorphic processes – including biomechanical interactions between trees and soil. Trees are actively involved in hillslope dynamics, both responding to and affecting many (bio)geomorphic processes. Using dendrochronology, we studied feedbacks associated with tree–soil–landscape formation, specifically relationships between hillslope processes, biomechanical effects of trees in soils, tree microhabitat conditions and their morphological adaptations, in the flysch zone of the Carpathians. We visually evaluated stem shape, microhabitat conditions and the biomechanical effects of 1663 trees. Cores were taken in four growing directions from 224 individuals of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). In a set of 193 cross‐dated beeches, average tree‐ring widths and tree eccentricities in all directions were calculated and analysed in relation to the biogeomorphic impacts of trees. Some significant drivers of tree radial growth and sources of stem eccentricity were detected. The radial growth of trees on which deadwood was leaning was markedly limited. In contrast, trees with exposed roots expressed the highest growth rates. This clearly suggests that root exposure may not be an effect of ‘exogenous’ soil creep, but may rather result from individually intensifying tree growth due to fine‐scale disturbance dynamics. The response of biomechanical tree–soil interactions in tree radial growth weakened with increasing stem diameter, reflecting the stabilizing role of larger trees. The significance of calendar year on radial growth suggests seasonality in the dynamic component of soil creep. Tree eccentricity was observed mainly in the downslope direction, which suggests a relatively complex effect of biomechanics on stem tilting. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Environmental factors exert strong control over the climate-growth relationships of Picea abies in Central Europe

Cited by 63 publications

References 81 publications

Pervasive effects of drought on tree growth across a wide climatic gradient in the temperate forests of the Caucasus

Pervasive effects of drought on tree growth across a wide climatic gradient in the temperate forests of the Caucasus

Taxonomy, together with ontogeny and growing conditions, drives needleleaf species' sensitivity to climate in boreal North America

Changes in the radial growth of trees in relation to biogeomorphic processes in an old‐growth forest on flysch, Czechia

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