Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Leko, Mirjana Babić; Gunjača, Ivana; Pleić, Nikolina; Zemunik, Tatijana

doi:10.3390/ijms22126521

Cited by 118 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 465 publications

(542 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is known that many environmental factors and disruptors as well neuropeptides affect the production and secretion of TSH ( 3 , 4 ). In our previous study, we proved a positive correlation between ghrelin and TSH concentrations in children with ISS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Does Not Influence TSH Levels in Obese Short Children

Adamczewska¹,

Adamczewski

Lewiński

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionGrowth hormone (GH) and thyroid hormones are important for children growing. In some obese children a slightly elevated TSH concentration is observed. This may be an adaptive mechanism: stimulation of pro-TRH biosynthesis in the hypothalamus in response to elevated leptin. The increased TSH may also reflect the necessity of maintaining the resting energy expenditure or may be a result of inappropriate, low FT4 concentration. Thus, we evaluated serum TSH and FT4 concentrations in idiopathic short stature (ISS) children (non GH-deficient) and examined the effect of children’s nutritional status and levels of selected adipocytokines on thyroid function, searching for the presence of various forms of subclinical hypothyroidism, which may be the cause of the slow growth rate.MethodsThe study group included 115 children (50 girls and 65 boys) with ISS, aged (mean ± SD) 10.4 ± 3.34 years. In each child, lipids, TSH, FT4, IGF-1, maxGH during the stimulation tests, leptin, adiponectin and resistin concentrations were determined. Based on BMI SDS, 3 subgroups: slim (n=26), obese (n=21) and normal weight (n=68) were distinguished.ResultsThere was no correlation between leptin level and TSH, FT4 levels. The levels of leptin, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in obese short children were significantly higher than in children from other subgroups. In turn, the levels of adiponectin, resistin, TSH and FT4 did not differ between subgroups. In 7% of children, an elevated TSH level was found (but less than 10 mIU/L), with a similar frequency across subgroups. The higher the leptin, the lower maxGH in clonidine stimulation test was recorded.ConclusionsIt seems that in obese children with idiopathic short stature leptin does not increase TSH secretion. This may be related to a disruption of the effect of leptin on TSH production and could indicate wide ranging disturbances of hypothalamic signals, and consequently be the cause of inappropriate GH secretion.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin Does Not Influence TSH Levels in Obese Short Children

Adamczewska¹,

Adamczewski

Lewiński

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also observed decreased levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH after two months of physical activity. This finding was not surprising if we considered that exercise has an effect on body homeostasis (i.e., skeletal muscles and cardiac activity) involving the hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis [60]. Indeed, thyroid hormones and TSH levels changes are expected after physical exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Multidisciplinary In-Depth Investigation in a Young Athlete Suffering from Syncope Caused by Myocardial Bridge

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Laboratory medicine, along with genetic investigations in sports medicine, is taking on an increasingly important role in monitoring athletes’ health conditions. Acute or intense exercise can result in metabolic imbalances, muscle injuries or reveal cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed to monitor the health status of a basketball player with an integrated approach, including biochemical and genetic investigations and advanced imaging techniques, to shed light on the causes of recurrent syncope he experienced during exercise. Biochemical analyses showed that the athlete had abnormal iron, ferritin and bilirubin levels. Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography highlighted the presence of an intramyocardial bridge, suggesting this may be the cause of the observed syncopes. The athlete was excluded from competitive activity. In order to understand if this cardiac malformation could be caused by an inherited genetic condition, both array-CGH and whole exome sequencing were performed. Array-CGH showed two intronic deletions involving MACROD2 and COMMD10 genes, which could be related to a congenital heart defect; whole exome sequencing highlighted the genotype compatible with Gilbert syndrome. However, no clear pathogenic mutations related to the patient’s cardiological phenotype were detected, even after applying machine learning methods. This case report highlights the importance and the need to provide exhaustive personalized diagnostic work up for the athletes in order to cover the cause of their malaise and for safeguarding their health. This multidisciplinary approach can be useful to create ad personam training and treatments, thus avoiding the appearance of diseases and injuries which, if underestimated, can become irreversible disorders and sometimes can result in the death of the athlete.

show abstract

“…A large population study by Song et al, involving 10,566 participants showed an increase in calcitonin levels in male smokers [ 17 ]. Smoking affects the normal functioning of the thyroid gland [ 39 ]; however, the effect of smoking on calcitonin-producing C cells has not been elucidated [ 17 ]. The results of Tabassian et al suggested that the lungs are the source of increased calcitonin in smokers rather than the thyroid.…”

Section: Environmental Factors That Affect Pth and Calcitonin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors That Affect Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Levels

Leko

Pleić

Gunjača

et al. 2021

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Calciotropic hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin are involved in the regulation of bone mineral metabolism and maintenance of calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the body. Therefore, an understanding of environmental and genetic factors influencing PTH and calcitonin levels is crucial. Genetic factors are estimated to account for 60% of variations in PTH levels, while the genetic background of interindividual calcitonin variations has not yet been studied. In this review, we analyzed the literature discussing the influence of environmental factors (lifestyle factors and pollutants) on PTH and calcitonin levels. Among lifestyle factors, smoking, body mass index (BMI), diet, alcohol, and exercise were analyzed; among pollutants, heavy metals and chemicals were analyzed. Lifestyle factors that showed the clearest association with PTH levels were smoking, BMI, exercise, and micronutrients taken from the diet (vitamin D and calcium). Smoking, vitamin D, and calcium intake led to a decrease in PTH levels, while higher BMI and exercise led to an increase in PTH levels. In terms of pollutants, exposure to cadmium led to a decrease in PTH levels, while exposure to lead increased PTH levels. Several studies have investigated the effect of chemicals on PTH levels in humans. Compared to PTH studies, a smaller number of studies analyzed the influence of environmental factors on calcitonin levels, which gives great variability in results. Only a few studies have analyzed the influence of pollutants on calcitonin levels in humans. The lifestyle factor with the clearest relationship with calcitonin was smoking (smokers had increased calcitonin levels). Given the importance of PTH and calcitonin in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism, additional studies on the influence of environmental factors that could affect PTH and calcitonin levels are crucial.

show abstract

Environmental Factors Affecting Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormone Levels

Cited by 118 publications

References 465 publications

Leptin Does Not Influence TSH Levels in Obese Short Children

Leptin Does Not Influence TSH Levels in Obese Short Children

Multidisciplinary In-Depth Investigation in a Young Athlete Suffering from Syncope Caused by Myocardial Bridge

Environmental Factors That Affect Parathyroid Hormone and Calcitonin Levels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About