Environmental exposure of lead and iron deficit anemia in children age ranged 1–5years: A cross sectional study

Shah, Faheem; Kazi, Tasneem Gul; Afridi, Hassan Imran; Baig, Jameel Ahmed; Khan, Sumaira; Kolachi, Nida Fatima; Wadhwa, Sham Kumar; Shah, Abdul Qadir

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.091

Cited by 87 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Health outcomes relating to gastrointestinal effects and Pbinduced anemia have also been quantified and are published elsewhere [32,33]. Colic is an earlier symptom of Pb toxicity in occupationally exposed children or in those children who are acutely exposed to higher Pb levels, i.e., exposed to Pb while removing Pb-based paint.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Assessment in Biological Samples of Children with Different Gastrointestinal Disorders

Shah

Ullah

Kazi

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Lead (Pb) levels have been evaluated in the biological samples of children with different gastrointestinal disorders. Blood, scalp hair, and urine samples of children (of age 4-10 years) complaining about different gastrointestinal disorders were analyzed. For comparison, age matched healthy subjects were also included in this study. Biological samples were digested in a microwave oven prior to Pb determination by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Significant differences in Pb profile were found between the diseased and referent children. Elevated Pb contents were observed in case of diseased children than WHO permissible limit, while normal results were obtained for healthy referents. The results were compared with those of healthy children having the same age, socioeconomic status, and residential areas.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead Assessment in Biological Samples of Children with Different Gastrointestinal Disorders

Shah

Ullah

Kazi

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…We found that children living in the vicinity of BRW had high BLLs, which is consistent with a previous study. 29 Because of weak authorities of environmental control and state health, no proper measure is carried out regarding child labor and impact on their health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low negative correlation values were observed for EB and RB (r ¼ À0.362 and---0.204), respectively, as compared with WB (r ¼ À0.776), which is in agreement with the previous studies. 28,29 The BLL was also negatively correlated with RBC (r ¼ À0.548) and Hematocrit (r ¼ À485). These results are consistent with other studies, indicating that lead affects the heme synthetic pathway directly.…”

Section: Lead Levels In Blood Samplesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Exposures of lead to adolescent workers in battery recycling workshops and surrounding communities

Shah

Kazi

Afridi

et al. 2012

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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In the present study, the environmental and occupational exposure of lead (Pb) has been assessed by analyzing the wholeblood samples of early adolescents (boys) aged 12--15 years working for the past 1--3 years in battery recycling workshops (BRW). For comparative purpose, boys of the same age group residing in the vicinity of BRW (exposed non-workers) and who lived in domestic areas devoid of any industrial activity (referents boys) were selected. The blood samples were analyzed for Pb, along with biochemical parameters of blood. Both biological samples were oxidized by acid in a microwave oven before determination of Pb by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean value of Pb concentration in blood samples of working boys was threefold higher as compared with referent boys. The significant negative correlations of blood Pb level with % Hb (r ¼ À0.862) were observed in working boys.

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“…The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) reported an estimated threshold of BPb of over 40 μg/dL for anemia in children (ATSDR 2007). More recently, an even lower BPb range of 10-19.9 μg/dL was associated with anemia in Indian and Pakistan children (Jain et al 2005;Shah et al 2010).…”

Section: Relationship Between Epb and Bpb And Hctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between blood erythrocyte lead concentrations and hemoglobin levels in preschool children

Liu

Huo

Lin

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Despite decades of intensive research, lead (Pb) toxicity still remains one of the most frequently investigated subjects in environmental health. Whole blood lead (BPb) is usually used to evaluate Pb exposure for both screening and clinical diagnosis. However, it is generally recognized that BPb is not a sensitive biomarker for Pb exposure in hematological studies. Considering hematocrit (HCT) variation in different situations, HCT-adjusted BPb or erythrocyte Pb (EPb) may be more relevant when evaluating the hematotoxicity of blood Pb. Data collected from 855 preschool children, 3-7 years of age, allowed us to examine the relationship between EPb and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Multivariate linear regression was performed to determine the significance of EPb as predictor of Hb after covariate adjustment; then, mean differences of Hb levels between quartiles of EPb and BPb (1st quartile as reference) were determined using ANOVA followed by Student's t test. The dose-response curve between EPb and HCT was plotted using locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) method. A doubling of EPb was associated with a 2.44 g/L decrease in Hb level. Compared to the 1st quartile group of EPb, the 3rd and 4th quartile groups showed significant decreases in Hb levels (3.01 and 3.97 g/L, respectively). Compared to the 1st quartile group of BPb, the 2nd quartile group showed a decrease in Hb levels (0.63 g/L), while the 3rd and 4th quartile groups showed increases in Hb levels (0.78 and 1.45 g/L, respectively). Increased EPb levels are significantly associated with decreased Hb levels in preschool children. HCT must be taken into consideration in investigating the hematological effects of Pb. Compared to BPb, EPb or HCT-adjusted BPb appear as a more effective biomarker to interpret the hematotoxicity of lead. Furthermore, blood erythrocytes are not only a repository of Pb but also a primary target of its toxicity.

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Environmental exposure of lead and iron deficit anemia in children age ranged 1–5years: A cross sectional study

Cited by 87 publications

References 40 publications

Lead Assessment in Biological Samples of Children with Different Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lead Assessment in Biological Samples of Children with Different Gastrointestinal Disorders

Exposures of lead to adolescent workers in battery recycling workshops and surrounding communities

Association between blood erythrocyte lead concentrations and hemoglobin levels in preschool children

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