“…Five broad types of intervention have been studied. The first group of interventions consists of teaching activities such as painting ( Bezzon da Silva and Soares da Silva, 2013 ; Vilá et al, 2020 ; Yeşilyurt et al, 2020 ), games ( Loukia et al, 2021 ), using photos ( Choi and Jo, 2012 ) and viewing plants ( Choque and Teresa, 2021 ). The second consists of environmental education (EE) programmes developed by schools to improve students’ pro-environmental behaviour, such as hope-enhancing pro-environmental programmes ( Kerret et al, 2020 ), residential outdoor environmental education programmes ( Mullenbach et al, 2019 ) and the Children and Trees Growing Together programme ( Dolins et al, 2010 ).…”