An integral condition for the sustainable development of Ukraine is the rational use of natural resources, protection of the natural environment and ensuring the ecological safety of human life. Environmental security is receiving increasing attention due to the deepening environmental crisis and the exacerbation of other global problems. Therefore, there is a need for research and other concepts that also to some extent characterize the possibility of loss and the occurrence of negative conditions - these are threats, risks and dangers.
The purpose of the study is to clarify the main categories of environmental nature and their relationship, such as “environmental safety”, “danger”, “threat” and “risk”.
During the research, the method of scientific knowledge, the analysis of scientific approaches to the definition of the main categories of security theory, and the methods of comparison, systematization, generalization, and synthesis were applied in the formulation and scientific justification of the research results.
The article examines the views of scientists on the concepts of “safety”, “environmental safety”, “risk”, “danger”, “threat” and their relationship.
The internal and external threats to the ecological safety of the enterprise are determined, and the author's vision of the interrelation of the given economic categories is offered.
The main characteristics that distinguish environmental risk from other forms of risk are revealed: anthropocentric orientation of ecological risk; polyvariance of forms of origin of ecological risk; limited possibility of absolute determination of environmental risk; cumulative; subinstitutionality of environmental risk.
The article outlines the impact of agricultural production on environmental pollution (air pollution, depletion and degradation of land resources, depletion of forest and water resources) and presents the criteria for classification of environmental risk for agriculture.
The causes of the ecological crisis in the agricultural sector are, first of all, extensive development of agricultural production, lack of regulatory and technical documentation on environmentally friendly technologies of agricultural production, as well as the lack of an effective mechanism for environmental protection. At the micro and macro levels, there are no objective and reliable data on the impact of pollution from agricultural activities on the environment in all areas - air, land, water and forest resources. Therefore, in order to assess with the maximum degree of reliability of the cause of the environmental crisis both at a particular agricultural enterprise and at the state level, as well as effective management decisions to reduce anthropogenic impact on the environment, it is necessary to study certain components of environmental safety and environmental accounting
