Environmental deprivation delays the maturation of motor pyramids during the early postnatal period

Pascual, Rodrigo; Fernández, Vı́ctor; Ruíz, Samuel; Kuljiš, Rodrigo O.

doi:10.1016/0378-3782(93)90209-d

Cited by 24 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The finding of neuronal MTB and LSO dendritic arbor alterations associated with neonatal undernutrition and ear binaural occlusion provided new information on the plastic cytoarchitectonic reorganization of the first synaptic relays of the auditory system. Regarding this, the present data agree with the results of other studies showing that visual and somatosensory cues deprivation decreases, while polysensorial stimulation increases the dendritic arborizations of neurons in motor pyramids [39], visual cortex [40,41], claustrum [42], amygdala [8], hippocampus [43], and medial superior olivary neurons [33]. Moreover, there is a sharp increase in the number of spines or dendritic branching after renutrition or ear and eye opening.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Neonatal Undernutrition and Binaural Ear Occlusion on Neuronal Development of the Superior Olivary Complex of Rats

et al. 1999

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Golgi-Cox-impregnated neurons of the superior olivary complex were investigated in control, binaural ear-occluded control, undernourished, and binaural ear-occluded undernourished Wistar rats of 12, 20, and 30 days of age. In neonatally undernourished and binaural ear-occluded animals, a significant reduction in the number of dendrites and dendritic intersections in the medial trapezoid body neurons was observed. Inconsistent effects upon the dendritic arbor lateral superior olivary cells were also detected. Control and undernourished rats with binaural ear occlusion exhibited a significant increase in the dendritic arbor measurements of lateral superior olivary neurons as compared with the cells of the medial trapezoid body. The cytoarchitectonic imbalance between the modulatory efferent control of these systems and the sensory auditory input to the cochlea may be important for the integration of complex auditory physiological phenomena.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Effects of Neonatal Undernutrition and Binaural Ear Occlusion on Neuronal Development of the Superior Olivary Complex of Rats

et al. 1999

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“…Unfortunately, these procedures produce unexpected tactile stimulation and movement restriction of the lower face that may negatively affect the development of the sCPG (Comrie & Helm, 1997;Finan & Barlow, 1996). In animal models, the combination of sensory deprivation and motor restriction has been shown to disrupt development of key brain structures involved in sensorimotor control, including motor cortex and cerebellum (Pascual & Figueroa, 1996;Pascual et al, 1993;Pascual et al, 1998). This is consistent with the notion of a critical period during early postnatal life, when manipulations in trigeminal sensory systems may significantly alter the structure and function of the developing brain (Bosma, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Bosma (1973) suggested that "appropriate oral experiences may be critical in the final weeks of gestation, and that their interruption may impair fragile syntheses of central neural representations of these functions." The importance of experience in brain development and plasticity is highlighted by the resultant physiological and cortical structural changes that modify motor and sensory system circuitry (Pascual et al, 1993;Pascual et al, 1998). Infants with perinatal distress and neurologic impairment compared to normal full-term infants manifest a significantly slower mean rate of NNS and a greater intra-individual variability of rate (Dreier & Wolff, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-nutritive suck parameters in preterm infants with RDS

Estep

Barlow

Vantipalli

et al. 2008

Journal of Neonatal Nursing

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Objective-To characterize the integrity of non-nutritive suck (NNS) parameters among three groups of preterm infants ranging from normal to those with progressive degrees of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Study Design-NNS compression waveforms were sampled from 55 infants in the neonatal intensive care unit using a silicone pacifier electronically instrumented for intraluminal pressure. Seven select NNS parameters were measured at two different sessions, and statistically analyzed using a General Linear Model Analysis of Covariance.Results and Conclusions-Preterm infants with a more extensive history of RDS and oxygen therapy manifest significantly (p≤0.001) degraded performance on six of the seven NNS measures. This trend was disproportionately amplified in preterm infants with moderate-to-severe RDS. Prolonged periods of RDS requiring oxygen therapy may cause maladaptive orosensory experiences, and restrict oral movements which may contribute to delayed NNS development.

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“…Neuronal circuits are shaped by experience during critical periods of early postnatal life and may remain in a waiting state until appropriate sensory 9 This notion is supported by animal studies in which deprivation of somatosensory experiences and motor restriction during the early postnatal period has been shown to negatively influence dendritic length and density of pyramidal neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the cerebrum and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, and degrade fine motor control. 26,27 Conversely, sensorimotor enhancement during the early postnatal period produces elaboration of pyramidal neuron dendritic length and arborization in motor cortex and enhanced behavioral motor responses. 28 Critical periods are described as windows in development in which systems or processes are particularly vulnerable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic orocutaneous stimulation entrains preterm infants with feeding difficulties to suck

et al. 2008

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Background: Prematurity can disrupt the development of a specialized neural circuit known as suck central pattern generator (sCPG), which often leads to poor feeding skills. The extent to which suck can be entrained using a synthetically patterned orocutaneous input to promote its development in preterm infants who lack a functional suck is unknown.Objective: To evaluate the effects of a new motorized 'pulsating' pacifier capable of entraining the sCPG in tube-fed premature infants who lack a functional suck and exhibit feeding disorders.Methods: Prospective cohort study of 31 preterm infants assigned to either the oral patterned entrainment intervention (study) or non-treated (controls) group, matched by gestational age, birth weight, oxygen supplementation history and oral feed status. Study infants received a daily regimen of orocutaneous pulse trains through a pneumatically controlled silicone pacifier concurrent with gavage feeds.Results: The patterned orocutaneous stimulus was highly effective in accelerating the development of non-nutritive suck (NNS) in preterm infants. A repeated-measure multivariate analysis of covariance revealed significant increases in minute rates for total oral compressions, NNS bursts, and NNS cycles, suck cycles per burst, and the ratiometric measure of NNS cycles as a percentage of total ororhythmic output. Moreover, study infants also manifest significantly greater success at achieving oral feeds, surpassing their control counterparts by a factor of 3.1 Â (72.8% daily oral feed versus 23.3% daily oral feed, respectively).Conclusion: Functional expression of the sCPG among preterm infants who lack an organized suck can be induced through the delivery of synthetically patterned orocutaneous pulse trains. The rapid emergence of NNS in treated infants is accompanied by a significant increase in the proportion of nutrient taken orally.

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Environmental deprivation delays the maturation of motor pyramids during the early postnatal period

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Neonatal Undernutrition and Binaural Ear Occlusion on Neuronal Development of the Superior Olivary Complex of Rats

Effects of Neonatal Undernutrition and Binaural Ear Occlusion on Neuronal Development of the Superior Olivary Complex of Rats

Non-nutritive suck parameters in preterm infants with RDS

Synthetic orocutaneous stimulation entrains preterm infants with feeding difficulties to suck

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