Environmental correlates of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in the Atlantic Forest

Paz, Andrea; Brown, Jason L.; Cordeiro, Carlos Leandro; Aguirre‐Santoro, Julián; Assis, Claydson Pinto de; Amaro, Renata Cecília; Amaral, Fábio Raposo do; Bochorny, Thuane; Bacci, Lucas F.; Caddah, Mayara Krasinski; d’Horta, Fernando M.; Kaehler, Miriam; Lyra, Mariana L.; Grohmann, Carlos Henrique; Reginato, Marcelo; Silva-Brandão, Karina Lucas; Freitas, André Victor Lucci; Goldenberg, Renato; Lohmann, Lúcia Garcez; Michelangeli, Fabián A.; Miyaki, Cristina Yumi; Rodrigues, Miguel Tréfaut; Silva, Thiago S.; Carnaval, Ana Carolina

doi:10.1111/jbi.14083

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…The results showed that current precipitation, and precipitation stability over the past 120 kyrs, are strongly correlated with species richness and phylogenetic diversity. However, our results are less homogenous across groups when phylogenetic endemism is considered (Paz et al 2020(Paz et al , 2021. 8.…”

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confidence: 65%

A multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hotspot

et al. 2022

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We briefly describe selected results from our thematic project focused on the biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest (“AF BIOTA”), which was jointly funded by FAPESP’s BIOTA Program, the U.S. National Science Foundation Dimensions of Biodiversity Program, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). As one of the five most important hotspots of biodiversity in the world, the Atlantic Forest (AF) holds less than 16% of its vegetation cover, yet, amongst the hotspots, it still harbors one of the highest numbers of species, including endemics. By gathering specialists across multiple disciplines (biology, geology, engineering), we aimed to understand how this megabiodiversity was built through time, informing biodiversity science and conservation. Among the results, we trained 18 Master’s and 26 Ph.D. students, published more than 400 peer-reviewed papers that improved our knowledge about the forest’s biologic and climatic diversity and dynamics through time, developed new analytical methods, produced outreach videos and articles, and provided data to help define biodiversity conservation policies.

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confidence: 65%

A multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hotspot

et al. 2022

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“…The support for this congruence comes from the marked environmental differences accumulated between north and south of AF due to climatic and refugia dynamism (Carnaval et al, 2014), added to a complex topography, where past landscape changes driven by climatic fluctuations from old periods, not only Pleistocene, could have different effects on species diversification (Thomé et al, 2010(Thomé et al, , 2012(Thomé et al, , 2014Leite et al, 2016). Even though D. elegans is a common species that occupies natural and human-impacted ecosystems, environmental differences along the AF and the cold temperatures during different periods could also have caused a reduction of gene flow between north and south populations, helping drive the genetic differences present in this study (see Paz et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Deep Genomic Divergence and Phenotypic Admixture of the Treefrog Dendropsophus elegans (Hylidae: Amphibia) Coincide With Riverine Boundaries at the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

et al. 2022

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The Atlantic Forest (AF) domain is one of the Earth’s biodiversity hotspots, known for its high levels of species diversity and endemism. Factors related to palaeoenvironmental dynamics, such as the establishment of vegetational refugia and river basins, have different impacts on biological communities and biodiversity patterns in this domain. Here, we sample genome-wide RADseq data from a widespread treefrog (Dendropsophus elegans), inhabiting natural and human-impacted ecosystems at the Brazilian AF to test the impact of riverine boundaries and climatic refugia on population structure and diversification. We estimate divergence times and migration rate across identified genetic breaks related to the rivers Doce, Paraíba do Sul, Ribeira de Iguape, and Paraguaçu, known to represent barriers to gene flow for other AF endemic species, and test the role of climatic refugia. Finally, we investigate the impact of spatio-temporal population history on morphological variation in this species. We recovered a phylogeographic history supporting three distinct clades separated into two geographically structured populations, corresponding to the north and south of AF. In addition, we identified an admixture zone between north and south populations in the latitude close to the Doce River. Our findings support a pattern of isolation-by-distance and the existence of a secondary contact zone between populations, which might have been promoted by gene flow during population expansion. Further, we found support for models considering migration parameters for all the tested rivers with different population divergence times. Based on the species history and the AF palaeoenvironmental dynamics, we corroborate the role of forest refugia impacting population structure for this species through recent range expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The Doce and Paraíba do Sul Rivers coincide with the main genetic breaks, suggesting they might also have played a role in the diversification processes. Finally, despite finding subtle correlations for phenotypic data among different populations, variation is not strongly detectable and does not seem associated with speciation-level processes that could warrant taxonomic changes. Such results can be explained by phenotypic plasticity of the evaluated traits and by recent divergence times, where there has been insufficient time and weak selective pressures to accumulate enough phenotypic differences.

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“…Diversity Metrics: Species Richness, Diversity, Endemism Phylogenetic Maps, and Environmental Variables Importance Species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and phylogenetic endemism were calculated by superimposing the distribution maps of all species using the R package phyloregion (Daru et al, 2020b). In order to avoid overestimation of the diversity metrics, we created alpha hulls with the R package rangeBuilder (Davis Rabosky et al, 2016) and following (Paz et al, 2021). Briefly, we used occurrence data available for all species (54,392 georeferenced records) that had more than 10 locality points, a dynamic selection of alpha for each species, and an alpha that varied in steps of 1 (Meyer et al, 2017).…”

Section: Species Distribution Modeling and Environmental Variables Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also used four machine learning algorithms to generate correlative models and then we created an ensemble prediction of each diversity metric to identify the environmental variables that best explain them (Paz et al, 2021). The algorithms used were: Random Forests (Liaw and Wiener, 2002), Neural Network (Venables and Ripley, 2002), Support Vector Machines (Karatzoglou et al, 2004), andGLM (McCullagh andNelder, 1989).…”

Section: Species Distribution Modeling and Environmental Variables Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Drivers of Diversification and Hybridization in Neotropical Butterflies

et al. 2021

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Studying how the environment shapes current biodiversity patterns in species rich regions is a fundamental issue in biogeography, ecology, and conservation. However, in the Neotropics, the study of the forces driving species distribution and richness, is mostly based on vertebrates and plants. In this study, we used 54,392 georeferenced records for 46 species and 1,012 georeferenced records for 38 interspecific hybrids of the Neotropical Heliconius butterflies to investigate the role of the environment in shaping their distribution and richness, as well as their geographic patterns of phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic endemism. We also evaluated whether niche similarity promotes hybridization in Heliconius. We found that these insects display five general distribution patterns mostly explained by precipitation and isothermality, and to a lesser extent, by altitude. Interestingly, altitude plays a major role as a predictor of species richness and phylogenetic diversity, while precipitation explains patterns of phylogenetic endemism. We did not find evidence supporting the role of the environment in facilitating hybridization because hybridizing species do not necessarily share the same climatic niche despite some of them having largely overlapping geographic distributions. Overall, we confirmed that, as in other organisms, high annual temperature, a constant supply of water, and spatio-topographic complexity are the main predictors of diversity in Heliconius. However, future studies at large scale need to investigate the effect of microclimate variables and ecological interactions.

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Environmental correlates of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in the Atlantic Forest

Cited by 24 publications

References 68 publications

A multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hotspot

A multidisciplinary framework for biodiversity prediction in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hotspot

Deep Genomic Divergence and Phenotypic Admixture of the Treefrog Dendropsophus elegans (Hylidae: Amphibia) Coincide With Riverine Boundaries at the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Environmental Drivers of Diversification and Hybridization in Neotropical Butterflies

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