Environmental contamination and human exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in China: A review

Zhu, Minghan; Yuan, Ye; Yin, Hua; Guo, Zizhang; Yin, Hua; Qi, Xin; Liu, Huan; Dang, Zhi

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150270

Cited by 84 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…The primary source of PCBs in the atmosphere is the volatilization of PCB-containing products in landfills that are disposed of as waste [20,21] Once in the environment, PCBs do not readily break down. Instead, they undergo chemical biotransformation that allow them to continue cycling between air, water, and soil for an extended period.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Pcbs In the Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Pollution in the Air: Where and How Much Are We Exposed to?

Othman

Ismail

Selamat

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were widely used in industrial and commercial applications, until they were banned in the late 1970s as a result of their significant environmental pollution. PCBs in the environment gained scientific interest because of their persistence and the potential threats they pose to humans. Traditionally, human exposure to PCBs was linked to dietary ingestion. Inhalational exposure to these contaminants is often overlooked. This review discusses the occurrence and distribution of PCBs in environmental matrices and their associated health impacts. Severe PCB contamination levels have been reported in e-waste recycling areas. The occurrence of high PCB levels, notably in urban and industrial areas, might result from extensive PCB use and intensive human activity. Furthermore, PCB contamination in the indoor environment is ten-fold higher than outdoors, which may present expose risk for humans through the inhalation of contaminated air or through the ingestion of dust. In such settings, the inhalation route may contribute significantly to PCB exposure. The data on human health effects due to PCB inhalation are scarce. More epidemiological studies should be performed to investigate the inhalation dose and response mechanism and to evaluate the health risks. Further studies should also evaluate the health impact of prolonged low-concentration PCB exposure.

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Section: Occurrence Of Pcbs In the Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary source of PCBs in the atmosphere is the volatilization of PCB-containing products in landfills that are disposed of as waste [ 20 , 21 ]. The widespread use of PCBs in commercial and industrial products and their inappropriate disposal have created severe environmental contamination.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Pcbs In the Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Pollution in the Air: Where and How Much Are We Exposed to?

Othman

Ismail

Selamat

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), belong to a broad family of anthropogenic organic chemicals and are among the group of harmful persistent organic pollutants (POPs) listed under the Stockholm Convention ( Zhu et al, 2022 ). Due to their physical and chemical properties, they are toxic, and bioaccumulate through the food chain that in turn poses a risk to human health and the environment ( Pieper, 2005 ; Tomza-Marciniak et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCB-77 biodegradation potential of biosurfactant producing bacterial isolates recovered from contaminated soil

Sandhu

Paul²,

Proćków³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants widely distributed in the environment and possess deleterious health effects. The main objective of the study was to obtain bacterial isolates from PCB-contaminated soil for enhanced biodegradation of PCB-77. Selective enrichment resulted in the isolation of 33 strains of PCB-contaminated soil nearby Bhilai steel plant, Chhattisgarh, India. Based on the prominent growth using biphenyl as the sole carbon source and the confirmation of its degradation by GC-MS/MS analysis, four isolates were selected for further study. The isolates identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing were Pseudomonas aeruginosa MAPB-2, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida MAPB-6, Brucella anthropi MAPB-9, and Priestia megaterium MAPB-27. The isolate MAPB-9 showed a degradation of 66.15% biphenyl, while MAPB-2, MAPB-6, and MAPB-27 showed a degradation of 62.06, 57.02, and 56.55%, respectively in 48 h. Additionally, the degradation ability of these strains was enhanced with addition of co-metabolite glucose (0.2%) in the culture medium. Addition of glucose showed 100% degradation of biphenyl by MAPB-9, in 48 h, while MAPB-6, MAPB-2, and MAPB-27 showed 97.1, 67.5, and 53.3% degradation, respectively as analyzed by GC-MS/MS. Furthermore, in the presence of inducer, PCB-77 was found to be 59.89, 30.49, 27.19, and 4.43% degraded by MAPB-6, MAPB-9, MAPB-2, and MAPB-27, respectively in 7 d. The production of biosurfactants that aid in biodegradation process were observed in all the isolates. This was confirmed by ATR-FTIR analysis that showed the presence of major functional groups (CH2, CH3, CH, = CH2, C–O–C, C-O) of the biosurfactant. The biosurfactants were further identified by HPTLC and GC-MS/MS analysis. Present study is the first to report PCB-77 degradation potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, B. anthropi, Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, and Priestia megaterium. Similarly, this is the first report on Pseudomonas plecoglossicida and Priestia megaterium for PCB biodegradation. Our results suggest that the above isolates can be used for the biodegradation of biphenyl and PCB-77 in PCB-contaminated soil.

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“…As one of the 12 POPs initially identified by the Stockholm Convention [ 7 ], polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) used to be intensively produced and widely used globally as heat exchange fluids and insulating oils [ 8 ]. Although China has banned the use of PCBs in manufactured power capacitors and restricted the import of PCB power devices since 1974 [ 9 ], the production of PCBs has increased rapidly since 2000 from the by-products of industrial processes such as E-wastes (51%) and volatilized pigment/paintings (10%) [ 10 , 11 ].Thus, PCBs are detectable in the atmosphere (from <10 to >3000 pg/m 3 ), soil (from <1 to >1000 ng/g), river water (from <5 to >500 ng/g) [ 12 ], and food (from 46.7 to 628.7 pg/g) [ 13 ], with the primary exposure route of PCBs in humans being contaminated foods [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Path Analysis Reveals the Direct Effect of PCB28 Exposure on Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Chinese Females

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Research indicates that exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can cause neurobehavioral impairments in neonates and adults, but the way specific PCBs’ congeners impact cognition functions at a low exposure level in a real-life co-exposure system remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association of PCBs burden with cognition function among elderly adults. Methods: Based on the Weitang Geriatric Diseases study (2014–2015), the current study measured the plasma concentrations of six indicator-PCBs by GC-MS/MS and assessed the cognitive dysfunction (CoD) via an Abbreviated Mental Test in 266 participants (ages 61–90). Sequential logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of PCBs on cognition functions. Female participants aged less than or equal to 80 years were selected, and path analysis was used to determine the direct or indirect impacts of co-exposure PCBs on CoD by structural equation modeling. Results: After sequential adjustments to potential confounding factors and correction by the Bonferroni, no statistically significant correlation between PCBs exposure and CoD was found in participants (p > 0.05). However, in the co-exposure system, after controlling for co-exposures and confounders, exposure to PCB28 had a direct effect on CoD in females aged between 61 and 80, with a factor load of 0.670. Conclusions: After adjusting for the co-exposures and confounders, exposure to PCB28 can directly increase the risk of cognitive impairment in older Chinese females.

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Environmental contamination and human exposure of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in China: A review

Cited by 84 publications

References 204 publications

A Review of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Pollution in the Air: Where and How Much Are We Exposed to?

A Review of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Pollution in the Air: Where and How Much Are We Exposed to?

PCB-77 biodegradation potential of biosurfactant producing bacterial isolates recovered from contaminated soil

Path Analysis Reveals the Direct Effect of PCB28 Exposure on Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Chinese Females

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