Environmental conditions modulate plasticity in the physiological responses of three plant species of the Neotropical savannah

Kuster, Vinícius Coelho; Castro, Silvana Aparecida Barbosa de; Vale, Fernando Henrique Aguiar

doi:10.1007/s11738-017-2399-4

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, we found that the seasonal conditions of evaluated periods were responsible for the growth changes when considered not only the height, but the volume of trunk, since the shoot architecture differs among plant species. This finding is consistent with the study by Kuster et al (2017) who observed that the species Byrsonima verbascifolia (L.) Rich. presented greater height in the period of greater precipitation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Crescimento inicial de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas produzidas em substratos inoculados com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

Menezes

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Áreas de florestas nativas tem sofrido danos severos gerando ambientes degradados, visando a recuperação dessas áreas o mercado de produção de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas vem ganhando espaço. A fim de suprir essa demanda a inoculação de mudas nativas com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento das mudas produzidas em viveiro, além de auxiliar no estabelecimento em campo. No entanto, o tipo de substrato utilizado pelos viveiristas restringir o funcionamento dessa simbiose refletindo no desenvolvimento e desempenho das espécies arbóreas em campo. Na primeira etapa da Tese, realizou-se um experimento em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro tratamentos: dois substratos, Antuérpia e Ouro Verde e dois tratamentos de inoculação (sem e com espécies de FMA) com cinco repetições e um segundo experimento avaliando o efeito da inoculação e do substrato sob a assembleia de FMA residente na rizosfera de seis espécies arbóreas nativas utilizando um delineamento experimental semelhante ao primeiro estudo. No primeiro experimento foram avaliados: a altura, o diâmetro do caule, a biomassa seca da parte aérea e a colonização micorrízica. A inoculação micorrízica não promoveu o crescimento inicial das 13 espécies arbóreas nativas estudadas, porém, todas as plantas foram colonizadas pelos FMA. Em geral, o substrato Antuérpia promoveu melhor desenvolvimento e maior colonização micorrízica das mudas em comparação àquelas crescidas no substrato Ouro Verde. No segundo estudo, a assembleia de FMA é influenciada pela adição do inoculante, modificando a estrutura e a composição da comunidade nativa. Além disso, constatou-se que as mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas podem associar-se preferencialmente a certos grupos de FMA, sendo os gêneros Acaulospora, Glomus e Paraglomus os mais abundantes nos substratos estudados. Na segunda etapa da Tese, mudas de seis espécies arbóreas nativas foram transplantadas para o campo. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, sendo as parcelas compostas pelos substratos (Antuérpia e Ouro Verde), e as subparcelas pelos tempos (6 e 12 meses). Foram avaliadas a altura, o diâmetro do caule, a biomassa seca parte aérea (BSPA), a taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), taxa de volume do tronco (TVT), a área foliar total (AFT) a área foliar específica (AFE), bem como os atríbutos fisiológicos (fluorescência variável e máxima - Fv/Fm, Clorofila a, b e total) e o número de glomerosporos. Como esperado, houve um forte efeito do tempo nos parâmetros de crescimento e na fisiologia da maioria das espécies arbóreas nativas estudadas. Todas as espécies arbóreas, como esperado tiveram maior altura, diâmetro do caule e TVT aos 12 meses. Por outro lado, não foi observado efeito do substrato nos parâmetros avaliados, com exceção de Tabernaemontana hystrix que teve sua razão Fv/Fm influenciada pelo substrato. Constatamos que aos seis meses Pterogyne nitens e Joannesia princeps apresentaram maior AFE, enquanto Colubrina glandulosa apresentou maior conteúdo de clorofila a e total aos 12 meses (estação chuvosa). Conclui-se que o substrato influencia na eficiência da inoculação micorrízica em fase de viveiro, porém, em campo as estações são os drivers mais importantes a serem considerados no processo de restauração de áreas degradadas. Palavras-chave: FMA Nativo. Inoculação. Viveiro. Diversidade micorrízica. Substrato. Fluorescência da clorofila

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Crescimento inicial de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas produzidas em substratos inoculados com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

Menezes

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“…A reduction in potential quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was observed for the plants of the forest edge at noon. A reduction in these values at noon has been documented for several species when exposed to high radiation (Ribeiro et al 2004;Shimizu et al 2006;Franco et al 2007;Favaretto et al 2011;Rosado and Mattos 2016;Kuster et al 2017). Values of Fv/Fm below 0.8 indicate the occurrence of photoinhibition (Björkman and Demmig 1987); however, this photoinhibition in the long-life span leaves of O. castaneifolia may be reversible, since predawn values are higher than those observed at noon, indicating a partial recovery of Photosystem II (PSII).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

How the long-life span leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia Engl. (Ochnaceae) differ in distinct light conditions

et al. 2018

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Plants respond to variation in luminosity leading to the existence of distinct leaf traits in plants that inhabit the understory, edge, and canopy of tropical forests. In the present work, the long-life leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia Engl. (Ochnaceae) in forest edge and understory were evaluated. Leaves of 20 individuals were collected from each habitat. Median regions of leaves from the third node were fixed in FAA. Freehand-cut transverse sections were stained in astra blue and safranin. The thickness of tissues, leaf area, specific leaf mass, and relative water content were quantified. Quantum yield of photosynthesis was measured by Fv/Fm, and instantaneous light response curves were performed to extract ETR max , PAR sat , and DF/Fm 0 sat. Quantification of photosynthetic pigments was also performed. Leaf area was lower at the forest edge, while the specific leaf mass was higher. No structural differences or differences in relative water content were observed between individuals of the two environments. The thicknesses of the cuticle on the adaxial surface, the epidermal cells on the abaxial surface, and the palisade and spongy parenchyma were greater in individuals at the forest edge. The values of Fv/ Fm were around 0.8 in the predawn. In midday, higher values of Fv/Fm were observed in individuals located in the understory. Individuals of the understory had higher levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. The morphological traits were the most plastic, but modulations in both morphology and pigment concentration may explain the maintenance of a similar predawn quantum yield between environments.

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“…The H. ciliata species also showed lower seasonality for this event (shorter length of vector r) in this area. We can postulate that these differences in the degree of intraspecific deciduousness among Cerrado species are indicative of high levels of plasticity against climatic aspects (Kuster et al, 2017), which allows them to cope with very distinct climatic regions of the Brazilian territory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do conspecific populations exhibit divergent phenological patterns? A study case of widespread savanna species

Lacerda

Barros

Almeida

et al. 2017

Flora

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Widespread savanna tree species can grow and survive at sites that diverge in water availability and seasonality, thus these species may be able to adjust their phenology in response to site variations. Here we evaluated vegetative and reproductive phenology in five woody species whose populations grow at two savannas sites under divergent climatic regimes, inserted in a large transitional zone between the Amazon forest and the semiarid region. Patterns of leaf fall, leaf flush and flowering were recorded monthly for five woody species growing under longer (LDS) and shorter (SDS) dry seasons. We evaluated the seasonality, the start and peak dates for phenological events and the associations between phenophases and climatic data. We found a close relationship between phenological events and site temperatures, with phenological peaks in the LDS occurring, in general, about one to three months later than at the SDS site. Leaf fall coincides with warmer and drier periods when the day length is shorter. Leaf production and flowering were associated with increased day length in some populations. Our results support the hypothesis that the conspecific populations have a high degree of association with climatic variables, especially temperature and day length, showing distinct phenological responses associated to the local climatic differences.

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Environmental conditions modulate plasticity in the physiological responses of three plant species of the Neotropical savannah

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

Crescimento inicial de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas produzidas em substratos inoculados com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

Crescimento inicial de mudas de espécies arbóreas nativas produzidas em substratos inoculados com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares

How the long-life span leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia Engl. (Ochnaceae) differ in distinct light conditions

Do conspecific populations exhibit divergent phenological patterns? A study case of widespread savanna species

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