Environmental chemical mapping using an underwater mass spectrometer

Wenner, P. G.; Bell, Ryan J.; Amerom, F. H. W. van; Toler, Susan; Edkins, J.; Hall, Mike; Koehn, K; Short, R.T.; Byrne, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/s0165-9936(04)00404-2

Cited by 59 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In situ measurements of the methane flux from the sediment into the water column were performed with an underwater mass spectrometer (Bell et al, 2007(Bell et al, , 2011Gentz and Schlüter, 2012;Schlüter and Gentz, 2008;Short et al, 2001Short et al, , 2006Wenner et al, 2004). Fluxes were calculated on the basis of changes in gas concentrations within the chamber over time.…”

Section: Sampling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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The discharge of groundwater into the sea affects surrounding environments by changing the salinity, temperature and nutrient regimes. This work reports the spatial effects of a submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) on the abundance and structure of the meiofaunal community in the shallow area of Puck Bay (Baltic Sea). Several field expeditions in the years 2009 and 2010 found that low-saline groundwater escapes into the bay from permeable, sandy, near-shore sediments. The SGD literature has grown rapidly during the current decade; however, the effects of this type of disturbance on the shallow sandy bottom fauna have thus far been little studied. We provide evidence that the discharge of groundwater has a clear effect on meiofaunal assemblages in the research area. This effect was reflected in a significant decline of certain meiofaunal taxa, mainly nematodes and harpacticoids, as well as in altered patterns of temporal distribution and small-scale (vertical) zonation of meiofaunal assemblages. Overlooking submarine groundwater discharge processes may lead to serious misinterpretations of ecological data. It is clear that groundwater discharge phenomena should be considered in future scientific studies.

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Section: Sampling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Kotwicki

Grzelak

Czub

et al. 2014

Journal of Marine Systems

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“…Portable underwater membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) systems offer the potential for in situ characterizations of the carbon system using a single instrument by simultaneous determination of fCO2 and DIC. In situ MIMS systems have been used to determine vertical dissolved gas concentrations of light stable gases at unprecedented spatial resolution [31] and have been deployed on a variety of platforms [32,33,34]. With proper calibration, fCO2 can be determined using in situ MIMS by direct measurement of dissolved gaseous CO2.…”

Section: Introduction Of New Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensors and Systems for In Situ Observations of Marine Carbon Dioxide System Variables

Byrne¹,

DeGrandpre²,

Short³

et al. 2010

Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society

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Autonomous chemical sensors are required to document the marine carbon dioxide system's evolving response to anthropogenic CO2 inputs, as well as impacts on short-and long-term carbon cycling. Observations will be required over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and measurements will likely need to be maintained for decades. Measurable CO2 system variables currently include total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (AT), CO2 fugacity (fCO2), and pH, with comprehensive characterization requiring measurement of at least two variables. These four parameters are amenable to in situ analysis, but sustained deployment remains a challenge. Available methods encompass a broad range of analytical techniques, including potentiometry, spectrophotometry, conductimetry, and mass spectrometry. Instrument capabilities (precision, accuracy, endurance, reliability, etc.) are diverse and will evolve substantially over the time that the marine CO2 system undergoes dramatic changes. Different suites of measurements/parameters will be appropriate for different sampling platforms and measurement objectives.

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“…Portable underwater membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) could offer the simultaneous determination of the fCO 2 and DIC (Byrne et al, 2010b). These systems are available at various platforms (Wenner et al, 2004;Camilli and Hemond, 2004;Schlueter and Gentz, 2008). The use of MIMS also provides levels of gases such as oxygen and nitrogen and has the possibility of measuring the carbon isotope composition of DIC (Byrne et al, 2010b).…”

Section: Existing and Emerging Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Global Ocean Acidification Observation Network

Iglesias-Rodriguez¹,

Anthony²,

Biȷma³

et al. 2010

Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society

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The increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), originating largely from human fossil fuel combustion and deforestation since the beginning of the industrial era, is causing a decrease in ocean pH and changes to seawater carbonate chemistry. This process, termed ocean acidification, is now well established from modeling and field data, and the rate of change in ocean pH and carbon chemistry is expected to increase significantly over this century unless future CO 2 emissions are restricted dramatically. The rate of CO 2 increase is the fastest the Earth has experienced in 65 million years , and the current concentration is estimated to be the highest in, at least, the past 50 million years (Zachos et al., 2008). Central to predicting the atmospheric carbon inventory during the 21st century will be understanding and predicting the adjustments in the ocean uptake and exchange of both anthropogenic and natural CO 2 . To quantify these changes on a global scale, an international interdisciplinary program of ship-based hydrography, time-series moorings, floats and gliders with carbon, pH and oxygen sensors, and ecological surveys is already underway. This program together with implementations of molecular technology will help scientists determine the extent of the large-scale

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Environmental chemical mapping using an underwater mass spectrometer

Cited by 59 publications

References 8 publications

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Submarine groundwater discharge to the Baltic coastal zone: Impacts on the meiofaunal community

Sensors and Systems for In Situ Observations of Marine Carbon Dioxide System Variables

Developing a Global Ocean Acidification Observation Network

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