Environmental Change and the Emergence of Infectious Diseases

Confalonieri, Ulisses; Menezes, Júlia Alves; Margonari, Carina

doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-0553-2.ch005

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

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“…Using the model of influenza pandemics, clinical data reporting on severe forms of COVID-19 have highlighted associated cardiovascular diseases, neoplasia, diabetes, obesity-related comorbidities, and an age above 65 years as significant mortality risk factors [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. The concept of “vulnerability” has been introduced since the early 1990s to study the impact of natural disasters on populations, as a test of society’s ability to make vulnerable populations resilient when disaster strikes [ 14 , 15 ]. In order to address populations’ vulnerabilities to diseases, the WHO has developed tools and guidance to support countries’ efforts against the expansion of noncommunicable diseases [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe’s War against COVID-19: A Map of Countries’ Disease Vulnerability Using Mortality Indicators

Horobeț

Simionescu

Dumitrescu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Specific and older age-associated comorbidities increase mortality risk in severe forms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We matched COVID-19 comorbidities with causes of death in 28 EU countries for the total population and for the population above 65 years and applied a machine-learning-based tree clustering algorithm on shares of death for COVID-19 comorbidities and for influenza and on their growth rates between 2011 and 2016. We distributed EU countries in clusters and drew a map of the EU populations’ vulnerabilities to COVID-19 comorbidities and to influenza. Noncommunicable diseases had impressive shares of death in the EU but with substantial differences between eastern and western countries. The tree clustering algorithm accurately indicated the presence of western and eastern country clusters, with significantly different patterns of disease shares of death and growth rates. Western populations displayed higher vulnerability to malignancy, blood-related diseases, and diabetes mellitus and lower respiratory diseases, while eastern countries’ populations suffered more from ischaemic heart, cerebrovascular, and circulatory diseases. Dissimilarities between EU countries were also present when influenza was considered. The heat maps of EU populations’ vulnerability to diseases based on mortality indicators constitute the basis for more targeted health policy strategies in a collaborative effort at the EU level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Europe’s War against COVID-19: A Map of Countries’ Disease Vulnerability Using Mortality Indicators

Horobeț

Simionescu

Dumitrescu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Building Scenarios of Social and Health Vulnerability to Climate Change: A Study for Municipalities in the Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

dos Santos,

de Brito Duval,

Menezes

et al. 2023

Global Perspectives on Health Geography

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Climate Change, Foodborne Pathogens and Illness in Higher-Income Countries

Lake

Barker

2018

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of ReviewWe present a review of the likely consequences of climate change for foodborne pathogens and associated human illness in higher-income countries.Recent FindingsThe relationships between climate and food are complex and hence the impacts of climate change uncertain. This makes it difficult to know which foodborne pathogens will be most affected, what the specific effects will be, and on what timescales changes might occur. Hence, a focus upon current capacity and adaptation potential against foodborne pathogens is essential. We highlight a number of developments that may enhance preparedness for climate change. These include the following:Adoption of novel surveillance methods, such as syndromic methods, to speed up detection and increase the fidelity of intervention in foodborne outbreaksGenotype-based approaches to surveillance of food pathogens to enhance spatiotemporal resolution in tracing and tracking of illnessEver increasing integration of plant, animal and human surveillance systems, One Health, to maximise potential for identifying threatsIncreased commitment to cross-border (global) information initiatives (including big data)Improved clarity regarding the governance of complex societal issues such as the conflict between food safety and food wasteStrong user-centric (social) communications strategies to engage diverse stakeholder groupsSummaryThe impact of climate change upon foodborne pathogens and associated illness is uncertain. This emphasises the need to enhance current capacity and adaptation potential against foodborne illness. A range of developments are explored in this paper to enhance preparedness.

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Environmental Change and the Emergence of Infectious Diseases

Cited by 4 publications

References 78 publications

Europe’s War against COVID-19: A Map of Countries’ Disease Vulnerability Using Mortality Indicators

Europe’s War against COVID-19: A Map of Countries’ Disease Vulnerability Using Mortality Indicators

Building Scenarios of Social and Health Vulnerability to Climate Change: A Study for Municipalities in the Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Climate Change, Foodborne Pathogens and Illness in Higher-Income Countries

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