Environmental Benefits and Energy Savings from Gas Radiant Heaters’ Flue-Gas Heat Recovery

Abstract

This paper demonstrates the need and potential for using waste heat recovery (WHR) systems from infrared gas radiant heaters, which are typical heat sources in large halls, due to the increasing energy-saving requirements for buildings in the EU and the powerful and wide-spread development of the e-commerce market. The types of gas radiant heaters are discussed and the classification of WHR systems from these devices is performed. The article also presents for the first time our innovative solution, not yet available on the market, for the recovery of heat from the exhaust gases of ceramic infrared heaters. The energy analysis for an industrial hall shows that this solution allows for environmental benefits at different levels, depending on the gas infrared heater efficiency, by reducing the amount of fuel and emissions for domestic hot water (DHW) preparation (36.8%, 15.4% and 5.4%, respectively, in the case of low-, standard- and high-efficiency infrared heaters). These reductions, considering both DHW preparation and hall heating, are 16.1%, 7.6% and 3.0%, respectively. The key conclusion is that the innovative solution can spectacularly improve the environmental effect and achieve the highest level of fuel savings in existing buildings that are heated with radiant heaters with the lowest radiant efficiency.

Evaluation of the Influence of Catchment Parameters on the Required Size of a Stormwater Infiltration Facility

“…These consequences are particularly felt in relation to environmental issues [2]. Increased atmospheric pollution due to rising energy demand [3,4], increased levels of water and soil pollution [5,6], increased waste generation [7], and water deficit due to rising water demand [8,9] are just a few. An inherent consequence of urbanization is also an increase in the area of impervious land [10].…”

A New Method for Selecting the Geometry of Systems for Surface Infiltration of Stormwater with Retention

“…The mean squared error (MSE) is a commonly used metric for evaluating the performance of regression models. The MSE measures the mean square difference between the predicted and actual values in a dataset according to Equation (5). To determine the value of the coefficient of determination (R 2 ), the sum of the squares of the differences between the measured y i values and the predicted ŷi values divided by the sum of the squares of the differences between the observed y i values and their mean ӯ was calculated.…”

“…Urban areas are a particularly vulnerable environment as a result of rapid urbanization, population growth, and increased demand for water [3]. However, water shortages are not the only problem experienced by residents of rapidly growing cities [4,5]. The increase in surface runoff due to the increase in paved areas significantly reduces the infiltration of rainwater into the ground, intensifying the effects of droughts [6].…”

Analysis of Energy Efficiency Opportunities for a Public Transportation Maintenance Facility—A Case Study

“…While these radiant heaters are economically viable and cheaper to run, they increase on-site CO2 emissions, increasing their carbon footprint. A study by [31] presents an innovative solution for the heat recovery from the exhaust gasses of ceramic infrared heaters, which allows for environmental benefits and fuel savings in existing buildings heated with radiant heaters with low radiant efficiency. Using a flue gas-water heat exchanger, heat can be extracted from the exhaust gases and transferred to water, which can then be used for domestic hot water (DHW) preparation.…”