Environmental assessment of Karbala water treatment plant using water quality index (WQI)

Mohammed, Ibrahim Umar; Al-Khalaf, Safaa K. Hashim; Alwan, Husam H.; Naje, Ahmed Samir

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.065

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Water with high turbidity can cause an epidemiological hazard if consumed because the suspended material can support germs [ 44 ]. If waters with high turbidity are consumed, it could cause health issues, such as intestinal diseases [ 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

Dippong,

Resz

2024

Toxics

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Chemical data compiled from field and laboratory studies were analysed on drinking water sources from a mountain area (Gutai Mountains) in Romania. Six physico-chemical indicators, nine anions, and twenty-one metals were determined and analysed. The results of this study showed that waters are generally rich in NH4+ and NO2−, exceeding the recommended limit of 0.5 mg NH4+/L, while some waters are rich in As, Cd, Mn and Pb, but with concentrations below the limits concerning the use of waters with drinking purposes. The applied heavy metal pollution indices (scores: 0.56–47.9) indicate that more than 50% of samples are characterized by medium pollution degrees. Based on the results obtained, it was determined that geological and human activities were influential in enriching the studied waters with the chemicals considered. Emphasizing this aspect related to pollution sources and the importance of a clean chemical status that must characterize waters used for drinking purposes, a human health risk assessment for heavy metals was implemented. The results indicated that even though the studied waters are rich in heavy metals, scores related to the risk assessment of heavy metals indicated a lack of non-carcinogenic risks for As, Mn, Cd and Cu. Nevertheless, this study and the results obtained are significant at national and international levels by offering a perspective on determining the potential pollution and associated human health risks at heavy metals in drinking water sources from a mountain area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

Dippong,

Resz

2024

Toxics

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“…According to the pH values, the waters are weak, basic, and neutral, indicating the presence of weak base salts in the soil near the water system [ 31 ]. Also, the decrease of the pH is related to the increase of CO 2 , while the increase of the pH is associated with the increase of the alkalinity and HCO 3 − in the water [ 32 ]. The pH depends on the partial pressure of CO 2 , dissolved matter, and temperature, characterizing and influencing the chemical and biological processes nonetheless harmful to human health, and it is controlled by the HCO 3 − , CO 3 2− , and CO 2 equilibrium systems [ 31 , 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High turbidity (sample 4) appears during strong precipitation falls and floods specific to the rainy seasons, causing siltation and sedimentation. High sedimentation and siltation are the conditions needed to increase bacteria population and metals, causing pollution [ 32 ]. The turbidity of water is caused by the presence of particulate or suspended matter which influences the penetration of light into the water [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwaters in the Protected Area of Tisa River Basin

Dippong

Resz

2022

IJERPH

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This study was conducted in order to assess the chemistry (41 metalloids and heavy metals and 16 physico-chemical indicators) of groundwater sampled from the protected area of the Tisa River Basin during the months of 2021. Pollution indices were used in order to determine the potential metal pollution level. Consequently, a non-carcinogenic risk assessment of metal through the ingestion of water was done. The results indicated general contamination with ammonium, chloride, iron, and manganese. The samples were rich in Cu, Mg, and Pb, but lower than the maximum limits. Significant correlations were noticed between Al-Fe, Mn-Fe, Mn-Ni, and Cr-Zn, as well as the metal content and pollution index scores. The metal pollution indices indicated three pollution levels (low, medium, and high) based on the metal content and standards regarding the water quality used for drinking purposes. The pollution indices scores ranged from 1.52–41.2. A human health risk assessment indicated no potential non-carcinogenic risk for the studied metals through the consumption of groundwater. The results of three different tools (chronic daily intake, hazard quotient, and hazard index) were below the critical value, except for the aluminium in two samples. This study is one of the first attempts to evaluate the quality of groundwater sources associated with the human health risks of the studied metals from the Tisa River Basin protected area. Based on this research, strategies for managing and controlling the risks can be developed.

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“…where n is the number of the assessed water indicators; n was 23 in the present study. WQI were computed following Equations ( 4) and ( 5) according to the literature [29,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53]:…”

Section: Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ideal value, V i was zero for the considered indicators, with the exception of pH. The optimal value for pH was considered to be 7 [47,52,53].…”

Section: Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Groundwater Metal and Arsenic Content in Piatra, North-West of Romania

Dippong,

Mihali,

Avram

2024

Water

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The present study introduces a monitoring initiative focused on the quality of groundwater in the Piatra locality, situated in the North-West region of Romania. This paper employs an evaluation of 21 physico-chemical parameters, encompassing factors such as electrical conductivity, pH, chemical oxygen demand, turbidity, total hardness, NH4+, NO3−, Cl−, PO43−, Li, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Al, Fe, Mn, Sn, and Ti. Additionally, it examines five heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and arsenic in water sourced from six distinct private wells. Each well, with its characteristics, serves as a unique drinking water source. The assessment encompassed the evaluation of pollution levels, quality status, and risk factors for all drinking water sources, utilizing pollution, quality, and risk indices. The aim of this study was to establish the level of toxicity in water, assess its impact on human health, and disseminate information to the public about the appropriate utilization of individual water sources. The results indicated a general contamination with chloride, ammonium, manganese, chromium, and iron. Human health risk assessment indices revealed that the consumption of studied waters presented non-carcinogenic risks associated with Cr for adults and with Cr, As, Pb, and Cu for children for some of the groundwater sources. The water quality index (WQI) categorizes the samples as possessing excellent and good quality. This research represents one of the initial endeavors to assess the groundwater source quality in connection with the potential human health risks posed by the metals studied within the protected area of the Tisa River Basin.

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Environmental assessment of Karbala water treatment plant using water quality index (WQI)

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

Chemical Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Associated Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Gutai Mountains, Romania

Quality and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwaters in the Protected Area of Tisa River Basin

Evaluating Groundwater Metal and Arsenic Content in Piatra, North-West of Romania

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