Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sphagnum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; across broad climatic and geographic ranges

Granath, Gustaf; Rydin, Håkan; Baltzer, Jennifer L.; Bengtsson, Fia; Boncek, Nicholas; Bragazza, Luca; Bu, Zhao‐Jun; Caporn, S. J. M.; Dorrepaal, Ellen; Galanina, O. V.; Gałka, Mariusz; Ganeva, Anna; Gillikin, David P.; Goia, Irina; Goncharova, N. D.; Hájek, Michal; Haraguchi, Akira; Harris, Lorna I.; Humphreys, Elyn; Jiroušek, Martin; Kajukało, Katarzyna; Karofeld, Edgar; Koronatova, Natalia G.; Kosykh, Natalia P.; Lamentowicz, Mariusz; Лапшина, Е. Д.; Limpens, Juul; Linkosalmi, Maiju; Ma, Jinze; Mauritz, Marguerite; Munir, Tariq Muhammad; Natali, Susan M.; Natcheva, Rayna; Noskova, Maria​; Payne, Richard J.; Pilkington, Kyle; Robinson, Sean M.; Robroek, Bjorn J. M.; Rochefort, Line; Stenøien, Hans K.; Tuittila, Eeva‐Stiina; Vellak, Kai; Verheyden, Anouk; Waddington, J. M.; Rice, Steven K.

doi:10.5194/bg-2018-120

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Samples of the dominant Beaver Pond site bryophyte, Scorpidium (hooked scorpion moss), have very low δ 13 C for a primary producer (− 36.6 to − 34.6‰). This pattern is consistent with modern mosses collected from freshwater habitats in Subarctic and Arctic regions 13 , 62 – 64 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants

Plint

Longstaffe

Ballantyne

et al. 2020

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Here, we present stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data for Pliocene-age (i) plant macrofossils and (ii) bone collagen from High Arctic Dipoides sp. subfossil remains. The specimens originate from a peat deposit at the Beaver Pond fossil site, located on Ellesmere Island (locally known as Umingmak Nuna, meaning "land of muskoxen"), situated within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (78° 33′ N, 82° 25′ W) (Fig. 1). We reconstruct High Arctic Dipoides sp. palaeodiet within the context of coeval terrestrial and freshwater plant macrofossil remains excavated from the same ~ 4 Ma old peat layer. The Beaver Pond site provides a very rare opportunity for such a palaeodiet reconstruction using coeval herbivore and plant remains.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants

Plint

Longstaffe

Ballantyne

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Warmed plot quadrats were positioned between the OTC wall and the plot collar. The biomass was clipped using sharp scissors at the base of capitulum at 1 cm below the moss surface (Granath et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shrub abundance contributes to shifts in dissolved organic carbon concentration and chemistry in a continental bog exposed to drainage and warming

2019

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Northern peatlands are globally significant soil carbon sinks but contribute a significant amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to streams. Climate change driven warming and drying will likely alter peatland DOC dynamics; however, few field studies have quantified the individual and interactive effects of temperature and moisture changes. Using a full factorial water table (control, drained 2 years [experimental], drained 12 years [drained]) × warming (ambient, open‐top chamber warming) × microform (hummock, hollow) study design, we monitored DOC concentration and spectrophotometric properties (specific ultraviolet absorbance [SUVA], E2/E3, E4/E6) in a wooded boreal bog in Alberta, Canada. Ecohydrological conditions including water table (WT), soil temperature, plant cover, biomass, and productivity were also measured at each plot. We observed a significant interaction between WT treatment, warming and microform for explaining variation in DOC concentrations, with the highest values at drained, warmed hummocks. Overall, drainage resulted in higher DOC concentration. DOC concentration and E2/E3 increased, whereas SUVA decreased, in response to greater plant productivity (i.e., more negative values of gross ecosystem photosynthesis). For DOC concentration and SUVA, this correlation was largely driven by drained, warmed hummocks where shrub growth increased. Moreover, redundancy analysis indicated that shrub and lichen cover, along with WT and soil temperature, were important for explaining variation in DOC concentration and quality. The results indicate that, although DOC concentrations in peatlands are likely to increase under climate change, much of this increase may be from recent carbon fixation, suggesting more rapid carbon cycling as opposed to destabilization of existing carbon stocks.

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“…Code and data availability. Data and R-script used to reproduce results are available on Figshare, https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.6969497 (Granath et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in <i>Sphagnum</i> across broad climatic and geographic ranges

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Rain-fed peatlands are dominated by peat mosses (Sphagnum sp.), which for their growth depend on nutrients, water and CO2 uptake from the atmosphere. As the isotopic composition of carbon (12,13C) and oxygen (16,18O) of these Sphagnum mosses are affected by environmental conditions, Sphagnum tissue accumulated in peat constitutes a potential long-term archive that can be used for climate reconstruction. However, there is inadequate understanding of how isotope values are influenced by environmental conditions, which restricts their current use as environmental and palaeoenvironmental indicators. Here we tested (i) to what extent C and O isotopic variation in living tissue of Sphagnum is species-specific and associated with local hydrological gradients, climatic gradients (evapotranspiration, temperature, precipitation) and elevation; (ii) whether the C isotopic signature can be a proxy for net primary productivity (NPP) of Sphagnum; and (iii) to what extent Sphagnum tissue δ18O tracks the δ18O isotope signature of precipitation. In total, we analysed 337 samples from 93 sites across North America and Eurasia using two important peat-forming Sphagnum species (S. magellanicum, S. fuscum) common to the Holarctic realm. There were differences in δ13C values between species. For S. magellanicum δ13C decreased with increasing height above the water table (HWT, R2=17 %) and was positively correlated to productivity (R2=7 %). Together these two variables explained 46 % of the between-site variation in δ13C values. For S. fuscum, productivity was the only significant predictor of δ13C but had low explanatory power (total R2=6 %). For δ18O values, approximately 90 % of the variation was found between sites. Globally modelled annual δ18O values in precipitation explained 69 % of the between-site variation in tissue δ18O. S. magellanicum showed lower δ18O enrichment than S. fuscum (−0.83 ‰ lower). Elevation and climatic variables were weak predictors of tissue δ18O values after controlling for δ18O values of the precipitation. To summarize, our study provides evidence for (a) good predictability of tissue δ18O values from modelled annual δ18O values in precipitation, and (b) the possibility of relating tissue δ13C values to HWT and NPP, but this appears to be species-dependent. These results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.

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Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in <i>Sphagnum</i> across broad climatic and geographic ranges

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants

Evolution of woodcutting behaviour in Early Pliocene beaver driven by consumption of woody plants

Shrub abundance contributes to shifts in dissolved organic carbon concentration and chemistry in a continental bog exposed to drainage and warming

Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in <i>Sphagnum</i> across broad climatic and geographic ranges

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