Environmental and socio‐economic impacts of dust storms in Sistan Region, Iran

Miri, Abbas; Hasan, Ahmadi; Ekhtesasi, M R; Panjehkeh, Naser; Gholami, Ahmad

doi:10.1080/00207230902720170

Cited by 88 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Tozer and Leys [3] estimated the economic impact of a single large dust storm "Red Dawn" on 23 September 2009 in New South Wales, Australia. Miri et al [21] estimated the total cost of dust storms over four years (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005) for the Sistan region in the southeast of Iran. Ekhtesasi and Sepehr [22] estimated the direct cost of wind erosion in Yazd, Iran.…”

Section: Economic Studies Of Sdssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Impact and Risk Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) on the Oil and Gas Industry in Kuwait

et al. 2019

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There is a lack of published research on the economic effect and the risk associated with sand and dust storms (SDS) worldwide. The objectives of this study are to estimate the economic impact of SDS on the oil and gas industry in Kuwait, to estimate a risk index for each loss, and to recommend a sustainable system for the mitigation of the damaging effects and economic losses of infrastructures. Hot spots of wind erosion, wind corridors, and dust frequency and severity formed the basis to locate the most susceptible oil and gas fields and operations. Ten sectors with potential loss vulnerabilities were evaluated: exploration, drilling, production, gas, marine, soil remediation, project management, water handling, maintenance, and research and development. Sand encroachment, although not a sector per se, was also considered. The results indicate that sand, and to lesser extent dust, are damaging and costly to the oil and gas infrastructure of Kuwait, with an economic cost estimation of US$9.36 million, a total of 5159 nonproductive lost hours, and 347,310 m3 of annual sand removal. A risk assessment identified three sectors with the highest risk indices (RI): drilling (RI = 25), project management (RI = 20), and maintenance (RI = 16). Sand encroachment also constituted a high risk (RI = 25). Mitigation of sand storms using a hybrid biological–mechanical system was shown to be cost-effective with an equivalent saving of 4.6 years of sand encroachment. The hazard implications of sand storm events continue to be a major concern for policy-makers given their detrimental economic impacts, and require that government officials wisely allocate investment budgets to effectively control and mitigate their damaging effects.

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Section: Economic Studies Of Sdssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Impact and Risk Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) on the Oil and Gas Industry in Kuwait

et al. 2019

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“…Main sources of natural atmospheric PM are dust storm (DS), volcanic activities and oceans. Dust events are defined as natural events with substantial PM concentrations, usually occurring frequently in desert lands and their surrounding areas in arid and semi-arid regions and primarily resulting from low vegetation cover and strong surface winds Miri et al, 2009). DS is a kind of severe natural disaster and plays an important role in the Earth system (Ravi et al, 2011;Shao et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Aerosol Loads during Springtime Dust Storm in Western Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi

Almazroui

Shamy

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Dust storm is a common phenomenonand, a severe environmental hazard in western Saudi Arabia. In this study, simultaneous measurement of PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1.0 and elemental compositions analysis of PM 2.5 in Jeddah city during springtime (March 2012) dust storm (DS) and non-dust storm (non-DS) periods were carried out to investigate the impact of DS on the levels, characterization and elemental compositions of atmospheric particles. Results indicate that PM fractions concentrations were higher in DS environment compared to non-DS. The diurnal variation of PM fractions concentrations was uni-modal in non-DS environment and bimodal in DS. PM 1.0 /PM 10 , PM 2.5 /PM 10 and PM 2.5 /PM 2.5-10 ratios were relatively lower in DS, indicating that sand-dust events in spring carry much more coarse than fine particles to Jeddah. PM 10 , PM 2.5 and PM 1.0 in DS and PM 10 and PM 2.5 in non-DS might originate from similar sources. PM 10 , PM 2.5 , PM 1.0 in DS and PM 10 in non-DS were correlated negatively with relative humidity and positively with wind speed. PM 2.5 and PM 1.0 in non-DS were correlated positively with relative humidity and negatively with wind speed. The crustal elements accounted for 44.62 and 67.53% of the total concentrations of elements in non-DS and DS, respectively. The elements concentrations increased in DS, with highest DS/non-DS ratios for Ca, Si, Al and Fe. This indicates that the soil originating species contributed mainly in DS particles.The enrichment factors values and non-crustal fractions in both non-DS and DS indicate that the main sources of Na, Mg, Si, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Rb and Sr are of a crustal type, whereas S, Cl, Co, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Pb and Cd are anthropogenic. V and Ni in DS only are emitted from anthropogenic sources. The enrichment factors of these anthropogenic elements were lower in DS. They might originate mainly from local sources in Jeddah.

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“…Saxton (1995) and Williams and Young (1999) mention motor-vehicle accidents or include the costs to society of these types of events, but do not include an analysis of the attendance at these events of emergency services. Miri et al (2009) estimated the impact on the Iranian economy of a series of severe dust storms in south-eastern Iran over a period of 4 years and included in their analysis the costs of school closures and removal of sand accumulations in residential areas. Many other studies of the off-site costs of dust have not considered effects on other sectors of the economy such as transport, construction or emergency services.…”

Section: Cost Analysis Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Off-site damage occurs downwind where dust can drastically limit human activities, including closure of transport networks and increased accidents caused by low visibility (Ekhtesasi and Sepehr 2009), health impacts (Miri et al 2009), loss of sales by businesses and damage to utility systems, such as electricity lines and transformers, or buildings. Deposited dust also increases cleaning costs and can damage high-value crops (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust storms – what do they really cost?

Tozer

Leys

2013

Rangel. J.

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Abstract. Dust storms are frequent in Australia and can have a large impact on the soil resource, the economy and people. There have been few economic studies of the impact of wind erosion worldwide and only one in Australia before this study. While wind erosion impacts on the soil resource at the point of the erosion, the level of economic impact rises as the population and associated infrastructure affected by dust increases. This study estimates the impact on the economy of the state of New South Wales of a single large dust storm called Red Dawn that passed over the eastern coast of Australia on 23 September 2009. Estimates for rural and urban areas are presented with both on-and off-site costs evaluated. The estimated cost is A$299 million (with a range of A$293-A$313 million) with most of the cost being associated with household cleaning and associated activities. The dust storm also impacted on many cities on the coast of the state of Queensland, but their costs are not included in this study. This study demonstrates some, but not all, of the major economic costs associated with wind erosion in Australia. Given the annual average cost of dust storms it is suggested that A$9 million per year would be a conservative estimate of the level of investment required in rural areas for dust mitigation strategies, based on improved land management that could be justified to achieve a positive impact on soil condition and reduce economic losses in rural towns and the more populous coastal cities.

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Environmental and socio‐economic impacts of dust storms in Sistan Region, Iran

Cited by 88 publications

References 9 publications

Economic Impact and Risk Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) on the Oil and Gas Industry in Kuwait

Economic Impact and Risk Assessment of Sand and Dust Storms (SDS) on the Oil and Gas Industry in Kuwait

Characterization and Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Aerosol Loads during Springtime Dust Storm in Western Saudi Arabia

Dust storms – what do they really cost?

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