Environmental and Health Effects of Pesticide Residues

Ali, Sajjad; Ullah, Muhammad Irfan; Sajjad, Asif; Shakeel, Qaiser; Hussain, Azhar

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54719-6_8

Cited by 98 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Classical pesticides have coarse drug carrier particles, poor dispersibility, poor stability, and low biological activity. Moreover, their utilization rate for targeted crops is less than 30% [ 19 ]. Therefore, to achieve successful crop protection, attain maximum crop yield, ensure food security, sustainability, and resilience, researchers have recently investigated novel nanocarriers and formulations for delivery of the targeted pesticides as illustrated in Figure 2 , including mesoporous silicon, polymeric nano-capsules, and cyclodextrin polymers, which are presented below.…”

Section: Improving Crop Production Via Nanotechnology-enabled Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture

et al. 2021

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Intensive conventional agriculture and climate change have induced severe ecological damages and threatened global food security, claiming a reorientation of agricultural management and public policies towards a more sustainable development model. In this context, nanomaterials promise to support this transition by promoting mitigation, enhancing productivity, and reducing contamination. This review gathers recent research innovations on smart nanoformulations and delivery systems improving crop protection and plant nutrition, nanoremediation strategies for contaminated soils, nanosensors for plant health and food quality and safety monitoring, and nanomaterials as smart food-packaging. It also highlights the impact of engineered nanomaterials on soil microbial communities, and potential environmental risks, along with future research directions. Although large-scale production and in-field testing of nano-agrochemicals are still ongoing, the collected information indicates improvements in uptake, use efficiency, targeted delivery of the active ingredients, and reduction of leaching and pollution. Nanoremediation seems to have a low negative impact on microbial communities while promoting biodiversity. Nanosensors enable high-resolution crop monitoring and sustainable management of the resources, while nano-packaging confers catalytic, antimicrobial, and barrier properties, preserving food safety and preventing food waste. Though, the application of nanomaterials to the agri-food sector requires a specific risk assessment supporting proper regulations and public acceptance.

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Section: Improving Crop Production Via Nanotechnology-enabled Innovationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture

et al. 2021

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“…This practice may initiate chemical resistance in the BPH when inappropriately used. In addition, some insecticides affect the rice crop ecosystem and the environment [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The adoption of resistant varieties, particularly those with robust self-defense mechanisms, is one of the most environmentally beneficial strategies of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) against BPH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Trichomes and Terpene Compounds in Indigenous and Commercial Thai Rice Varieties against Brown Planthopper

Khetnon

Busarakam

Sukhaket

et al. 2022

Insects

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Plant trichomes generally act as a physical defense against herbivore attacks and are present in a variety of plants, including rice plants. This research examined the physical and chemical defenses of rice plants against the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). A total of 10 rice varieties were used in this study. An electron microscope was used to observe trichomes. Constitutive and induced volatile compound profiles were assessed using GC-MS analyses. The preference of BPH for volatiles from the 10 rice plants was tested using a two-choice arena olfactometer system. The density of prickle trichomes had a negative relationship with the BPH injury level. Without BPH infestation, the volatile of the most resistant rice variety (Rathu Heenati (RH)) was preferred by BPH than those of the other varieties, with the exception of Gled Plah Chawn. However, the relative BPH preference for volatiles from the RH variety decreased during BPH infestation. When rice plants were infested by BPH, the numbers of VOCs and these quantities decreased. In the RH variety, the emission of essentities found without BPH infestation ceased during infestation by BPH. During the BPH infestation, rice plants started to emit new VOCs that were not detected before the BPH infestation started. In conclusion, we discovered that rice plants defended against BPH by changing VOC components during BPH infestation and β-Sesquiphellandrene was likely the most effective component.

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“…When pesticide formulations are applied to crops on agricultural lands, the chemicals constituting the pesticide formulations including active ingredients can enter the soil environment. Once entered, some chemicals can be adsorbed on soil, the others can reach water bodies such as groundwater and rivers [3], and these chemicals can have adverse effects on organisms including microorganisms and fish [3][4][5]. The chemicals originating from pesticide formulations can also be absorbed by crops, which eventually affect consumers including human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Triton X-100 on the wheat and lettuce growth and contaminant absorption

2021

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This study was set to study the effects of surfactants on crops using Triton X-100, one of widely used surfactants for various purposes including agricultural uses, as a target surfactant. The effects of Triton X-100 on the growth of wheat and lettuce were studied and the germination and shoot growth of wheat were not significantly affected by Triton X-100. With lettuce, the increasing Triton X-100 concentrations tend to negatively affect the growth, possibly due to the absorption of Triton X-100 by lettuce. The average lettuce fresh mass was reduced by 31% when Triton X-100 concentration increased from 0 to 240 mg L−1. This may mean that chemicals dissolved or mobilized by Triton X-100 can be absorbed by lettuce. The Cd mobilization was facilitated with Triton X-100, and the absorption of procymidone in soil by lettuce was greater when Triton X-100 was applied (i.e., 0.18 mg kg−1) than when water was applied (i.e., 0.15 mg kg−1), although they were statistically not different (p-value > 0.05). The average lettuce masses in the presence of residual procymidone in soil and Triton X-100 (16 g) were lower than that of the control soils (20 g), although they were statistically not different (p-value > 0.05). The results suggest that surfactants contained in pesticide formulations can potentially affect crop growth and absorption of other contaminants. Therefore, the residual surfactants and active ingredients in pesticide formulations need to be properly managed to protect the environment and to produce crops free of contaminants.

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Environmental and Health Effects of Pesticide Residues

Cited by 98 publications

References 92 publications

Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture

Nano-Enable Materials Promoting Sustainability and Resilience in Modern Agriculture

Mechanisms of Trichomes and Terpene Compounds in Indigenous and Commercial Thai Rice Varieties against Brown Planthopper

Effect of Triton X-100 on the wheat and lettuce growth and contaminant absorption

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