Environmental and Gender Impacts of Land Tenure Regularization in Africa: Pilot Evidence from Rwanda

Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus; Goldstein, Markus

doi:10.1596/1813-9450-5765

Cited by 98 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Far beyond the well‐documented investment‐enhancing effects of secure property rights (Ali, Deininger, & Goldstein, ; Besley & Coast, ; Deininger & Feder, ; Do & Iyer, ; Feder, Onchan, & Chalamwong, ; Holden et al., ; Jacoby & Minten, ; Li, Rozelle, & Brandt, ; Smith, ), there are early signs that formalization of land rights—in the form of providing households with inheritable land use certificates—makes the market‐based access to land both more common and increasing in the Ethiopian context (Deininger et al., ; Holden et al., ).…”

Section: Land Land Tenancy Market and Rural Welfare In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Ghebru

Holden

2018

Review Development Economics

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There is growing interest in understanding the links between land reforms, land markets, and poverty reduction in Africa. The study uses four‐wave panel data from the northern highlands of Ethiopia to assess the dynamics of rural poverty taking into account the status of participation of rural households in the land rental market. Applying both nonparametric (Kaplan–Meier estimator) and semi‐parametric survival models that control for duration dependence of poverty transition, results show participation and degree of participation on the supply side of the tenancy market (landlords) have highly significant and positive effect on the chances of escaping poverty while the same cannot be said about the demand side of the tenancy market (tenants). The empirical evidence also confirms that households headed by older and literate people have relatively larger exit rates from poverty as compared with households headed by younger and illiterate ones. Though transacting farmers may engage themselves in win–win rental arrangements by the time they join the tenancy market, results indicate that gains are unequal as those tenants who enter the markets from low economic leverage (were poor) are liable to face a lower margin of net gains, which may limit their ability to move out of poverty.

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Section: Land Land Tenancy Market and Rural Welfare In Ethiopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Ghebru

Holden

2018

Review Development Economics

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“…This is due to reasons of quality and completeness. With respect to quality of the evidence base, none of the included studies were randomized control trials, and for only two out of the twenty studies reviewed (namely, Ali et al, 2011, and Torero & Field, 2005; cf. Appendix V) was there a concerted effort to address selection biases by explicitly accounting for the processes through which households or plots were assigned to receive or not receive de jure recognition of tenure rights.…”

Section: Author's Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Land Property Rights Interventions on Investment and Agricultural Productivity in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

Lawry

Samii

Hall

et al. 2014

Campbell Systematic Reviews

123

121

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The Campbell Collaboration (C2) was founded on the principle that systematic reviews on the effects of interventions will inform and help improve policy and services. C2 offers editorial and methodological support to review authors throughout the process of producing a systematic review. A number of C2's editors, librarians, methodologists and external peerreviewers contribute. The Campbell Collaboration

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“…Findings from recent research into women's ownership of land elsewhere in sub‐Saharan Africa, however scarce, display similar outcomes. In Rwanda and Uganda, pilot projects have shown around 20% female and joint registrations (Ali et al., : 12‐13; Ministry of Lands, Uganda, ). The higher figures may reflect the fact, demonstrated by Cheryl Doss based on existing databases, that women landholders are far more common than previously expected (Doss, ).…”

Section: A Less Gendered Access To Land?mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Less Gendered Access to Land? The Impact of Tanzania's New Wave of Land Reform

Pedersen

2015

Development Policy Review

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Contemporary land reforms in sub-Saharan Africa tend to be evaluated based on the state-centric reforms of the past, which disadvantaged women. However, this article argues that the new-wave of land reforms and their decentralised administration institutions and anti-discriminatory legal frameworks may be different. Based on field research on the implementation of Tanzania's 1999 Land Acts, it identifies an institutional reconfiguration in which the formal institutions are gradually strengthened and the customary institutions slowly changed. This does not in itself pose a threat to women's access to land and some women, who are otherwise often perceived to be weak, are left better-off. Nevertheless, access to land becomes socially more uneven.ownership, it also provides protection for women's rights to land. It makes it clear that the village councils, which are vested with power over the administration of village land, should also protect the rights of women. The responsibility thus moves away from the women themselves. This is important because African women's access to land has often been described as gendered, being mediated through their relationships with their husbands and male relatives (Yngstrom, 2002; Jacobs, 2002: 889;Jackson, 2003;Odgaard, 2006).The article identifies significant alterations in the relationship between access, gender and land-administration institutions which affects women in various ways. The reform's decentralisation element gradually strengthens the role of the more formal institutions in mediating access to land. For some groups of women, especially widowed and divorced women, these institutions improve access and make it less gendered. This confirms recent, but still limited, empirical evidence from similar policy interventions to the effect that gender-progressive policies can have a positive impact on women's access to land (Ikdahl, 2010;Quisumbing and Pandolfelli, 2010;Dancer, 2013). However, Tanzanian land reform has not been able to eradicate gender inequalities altogether. For most women, their relationships with male relatives remain important.In order to capture these gradual changes and intermediate institutional forms I suggest distinguishing between more and less formal institutions, rather than focusing on full-scale formalisation. Inspired by Keith Hart (2008: 11), a pioneer in the study of the informal economy, I do not equate formal institutions with state bureaucracies. More pragmatically, he emphasises regularity and the relationship to the bureaucracy as the defining features of formal institutions. This provides a focus on a broader range of land-administration institutions, including customary ones, which may operate with the backing of the state. Rather than replacing the customary institutions altogether, the article argues that Tanzania's new-wave land reform contributes to a reconfiguration of institutions at the local level in which the formal institutions are gradually strengthened and the customary institutions slowly changed.Since it is a new-wave lan...

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Environmental and Gender Impacts of Land Tenure Regularization in Africa: Pilot Evidence from Rwanda

Cited by 98 publications

References 37 publications

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

Land rental markets and rural poverty dynamics in Northern Ethiopia: Panel data evidence using survival models

The Impact of Land Property Rights Interventions on Investment and Agricultural Productivity in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

A Less Gendered Access to Land? The Impact of Tanzania's New Wave of Land Reform

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