Environmental and energy system analysis of bio-methane production pathways: A comparison between feedstocks and process optimizations

Pierie, Frank; Someren, C. E. J. van; Benders, Reinerus; Bekkering, Jan; Gemert, W.J.T. van; Moll, Henri

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.09.066

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…This approach has been applied to the symbiosis scenarios (Sections 4.1 and 5.1). Sensitivities connected to biomass use within the aforementioned scenarios are described in Pierie et al 2015 [17]. However, in the cooperative scenarios (Sections 4.2 and 5.2) the results will be more prone to sensitivities as compared with a reference farm in more absolute terms; therefore, focus is placed on these results.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this research, mitigation regarding the replacement of current waste treatment chains (e.g., current manure storage and waste crop management) with an AD system, and of fossil fertilizer with organic fertilizers, is taken into account. Regarding the processing of digestate (Figure 1) only the economic cost are incorporated [17]. Emissions from the soil are not included.…”

Section: System Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maize (silage) used as feedstock is specially cultivated for use in the AD system. Therefore, agricultural fieldwork and the use of fossil fertilizers and pesticides during cultivation are incorporated [17]. The maize is transported over a distance of 50 km [10].…”

Section: Ref Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, differences in tax rates and their effects on the total cost are discussed in the sensitivity analysis (Section 5.3). a Based on average dairy farm with 100 cows and two cows per hectare of land [50]; b Based on production of beat tops, Potato tops, Straw, and Catch crops respectively 40, 20, 41, and 18.5 Mg/ha.a [17]; c Based on the production of roadside and natural grass of 21.8 Mg/ha.a [17]; d Cap means the maximum yearly allowed use of nutrients on a farm.…”

Section: Cooperative Farming Theoretical Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Sustainability of Farming Practices through the Use of a Symbiotic Approach for Anaerobic Digestion and Digestate Processing

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The dairy sector in the Netherlands aims for a 30% increase in efficiency and 30% carbon dioxide emission reduction compared to the reference year of 1990, and a 20% share of renewable energy, all by the year 2020. Anaerobic Digestion (AD) can play a substantial role in achieving these aims. However, results from this study indicate that the AD system is not fully optimized in combination with farming practices regarding sustainability. Therefore, the Industrial Symbiosis concept, combined with energy and environmental system analysis, Life Cycle Analysis and modeling is used to optimize a farm-scale AD system on four indicators of sustainability (i.e., energy efficiency, carbon footprint, environmental impacts and costs). Implemented in a theoretical case, where a cooperation of farms share biomass feedstocks, a symbiotic AD system can significantly lower external energy consumption by 72 to 92%, carbon footprint by 71 to 91%, environmental impacts by 68 to 89%, and yearly expenditures by 56 to 66% compared to a reference cooperation. The largest reductions and economic gains can be achieved when a surplus of manure is available for upgrading into organic fertilizer to replace fossil fertilizers. Applying the aforementioned symbiotic concept to the Dutch farming sector can help to achieve the stated goals indicated by the Dutch agricultural sector for the year 2020.

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Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Boundarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ref Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cooperative Farming Theoretical Casementioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Sustainability of Farming Practices through the Use of a Symbiotic Approach for Anaerobic Digestion and Digestate Processing

et al. 2017

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“…Energy recycling from biomass residues and wastes is increasingly attractive because the sustainability of analyzed feedstock favors biomass waste flows over dedicatedly cultivated energy crops [34]. Therefore, utilization of nonfood cassava processing residues such as CPR in biomethane production via the anaerobic digestion technology is prudent and beneficial.…”

Section: Potential Of Cassava As Feedstock For Bioenergy Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava Residues Could Provide Sustainable Bioenergy for Cassava Producing Nations

Aso¹,

Teixeira²,

Achinewhu³

2018

Cassava

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Many cassava producing nations lack suitable energy availability and sufficiency. Just 10% of the population in Haiti receive power from the national electric grid. The proportion is 7% for Mozambique. In both countries, deforestation is extensive due to dependence on wood and charcoal for 70 and 85% of energy requirement respectively. In the case of Ghana, although biomass accounts for 64% of national energy supply, the dependence on primary biomass energy sources like wood and charcoal has led to increased loss of biodiversity, soil erosion and health problems. Prospects for the use of cassava peeling residues as a source of biomethane to mitigate these constraints have received little attention. In this chapter, the advantages and benefits of biomass energy, along with the potential for cassava as a feedstock and rationale for anaerobic digestion are highlighted. Depending on the quantity of cassava root processed by individual countries, the energy recovered from cassava peeling residues could satisfy up to 100% of national energy requirements.

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Green proteins: An energy‐efficient solution for increased self‐sufficiency in protein in Europe

Djomo

Knudsen

Martinsen

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The heavy reliance of the livestock industry of the European Union (EU) on feed protein imports has initiated a transition to alternative protein sources such as grass proteins. Green biorefineries (which process grass into protein and other related bio-products) are gaining interest in the EU as the EU searches for ways to cut its import of feed proteins, to reduce its reliance on fossil fuels, and to combat climate change. However, the vulnerability of green biorefineries to fossil energy constraints has not been studied. We estimated the energy conversion efficiencies (EE) and the energy return on investment (EROI) of bio-products from standalone (SGBR) and integrated grass refinery (IGBR) systems using scenario and energy analysis. The base scenario assumes an SGBR that processes grass into protein, fiber, and brown juice. The three IGBR scenarios assume that grass is processed into protein, fiber, and biomethane (Scenario 1); into protein, fiber, heat, and electricity (Scenario 2); or into protein, fiber, heat, and biomethane (Scenario 3). We found that the EE of the IGBR (83%-85%) largely exceeded that of the SGBR (77%) in all cases. Energy returns on investment were lower for grass than for clover-grass because of the high fertilizer needs of the former. The standard EROIs (EROI std ) for grass protein ranged from 1.6 to 5.4 over the various feedstocks and scenarios evaluated. The EROI std decreased when the system boundary was expanded to the point of use (EROI pou ), or when they were adjusted for quality (EROI qly ). Other bioproducts from both SGBR and IGBR also had high EROI std , and showed similar patterns to that of grass protein (i.e., EROI std > EROI pou > EROI qly ). Although Scenario 1 had a high EE relative to the base scenario, its heavy reliance on auxiliary energy inputs reduced the EROIs of its products. Our analysis showed the strong impacts of brown-juice recycling in the energy performance of green biorefinery. It thus deserves close attention when designing and implementing a green biorefinery in a given region. 606S Njakou Djomo et al.Modeling and Analysis: Energy Balance of Green Protein With favorable economic conditions, green biorefineries could contribute to the reduction of food and energy insecurity in Europe in a sustainable way.

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Environmental and energy system analysis of bio-methane production pathways: A comparison between feedstocks and process optimizations

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Improving the Sustainability of Farming Practices through the Use of a Symbiotic Approach for Anaerobic Digestion and Digestate Processing

Improving the Sustainability of Farming Practices through the Use of a Symbiotic Approach for Anaerobic Digestion and Digestate Processing

Cassava Residues Could Provide Sustainable Bioenergy for Cassava Producing Nations

Green proteins: An energy‐efficient solution for increased self‐sufficiency in protein in Europe

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