Environmental and Economic Impact of Retrofitting Techniques to Prevent Out-of-Plane Failure Modes of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Giresini, Linda; Casapulla, Claudia; Croce, Pietro

doi:10.3390/su132011383

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…Among possible solutions to improve the seismic performance of the building, even integrated to enhance mechanical and thermal performances [64], a simple and very effective intervention, often proposed, consists in increasing the rigidity of the floors, to ensure a 3D box behavior. In the present case, the introduction of a steel bracing diaphragm at the upper floor of the building not only allows one to consider all floors as rigid, so guaranteeing such a global behavior, but also contributes to preventing out of plane failure of the walls.…”

Section: Definition Of the Structural Model And Results Of The Assess...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Approaches for the Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Masonry Structures: The E-PUSH Program

et al. 2022

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The assessment of seismic performance of existing masonry structures is a key aspect for the risk mitigation strategies of existing buildings and preservation of historical heritage. The increasing availability of modelling approaches for the assessment of seismic response of masonry structures calls for the need of verifying their reliability and correct use. In fact, these procedures are very sensitive to modelling hypotheses, so that the results of the assessment could vary in a wide interval depending on the adopted software and on the user’s skill. Aiming at enhancing the classical software packages for the structural analysis of masonry buildings, especially in terms of easiness of use, simplicity of modelling and limited computational demand, the authors developed a reliable and sound push-over program, called E-PUSH, which allows a quick and nearly user-independent assessment of the seismic risk index. In the paper, available commercial codes for the seismic assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings are illustrated and discussed, in comparison with the E-PUSH program, highlighting the differences in terms of modelling assumptions, choice of masonry mechanical parameters and failure criteria, focusing on the impact of the assumptions adopted for the estimation of capacity curves and seismic risk index of a simple benchmark structure. Then, a relevant case study, consisting in the assessment of the “Niccolò Machiavelli” masonry school in Florence, is investigated adopting two different software packages, the original E-PUSH and a commercial one, discussing the sensitivity of the results on the assumptions made by the user in the modelling phase.

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Section: Definition Of the Structural Model And Results Of The Assess...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Approaches for the Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Masonry Structures: The E-PUSH Program

et al. 2022

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“…Moreover, this analysis can provide information on where construction is feasible and the sources of material extraction, which not only reduces project costs but also minimizes the environmental impact generated by activities, particularly in terms of energy consumption [14]. It is crucial to recognize that improving structural behavior alone is not sufficient; integration with other disciplines must also be considered.…”

Section: Literature Review 21 Life Cycle Cost Analysis (Lcca) and Its...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Leveraging Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) for Optimized Decision Making in Adobe Construction Materials

Albuja-Sánchez,

Damián-Chalán

2024

Applied Sciences

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Adobe construction is a longstanding practice in South America and is characterized by its affordability, accessibility, and ecological sustainability. However, the decision-making process regarding the choice of construction materials often relies on subjective factors, disregarding economic implications throughout the life cycle of a building. This study aimed to introduce life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) as a valuable tool for optimizing decision making in the context of adobe construction materials in South America. This study emphasizes the significance of considering the life-cycle costs associated with adobe construction materials and their impact on decision-making processes. A comprehensive case study was conducted in South America to examine the various adobe construction scenarios. The life-cycle costs of different adobe materials and their associated maintenance strategies were assessed over a period of several decades, considering factors such as material acquisition, construction, maintenance, and repair. The values used in this study are specific to Ecuador, the country where the investigation was conducted.

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“…Within the first categories, different interventions are available in the market. These systems can be related to traditional as well as contemporary techniques (insertion of tie rods, strengthening by using fiber-reinforced textures) [29][30][31][32][33][34]. The proposed interventions lead to an investigation of the structural capacity of the building, where the deficiencies can relate to: (i) poor capacity of the masonry walls due to poor mortar capacity or absence of transversal elements; (ii) lack of connections between orthogonal walls; and (iii) necessity of increasing the mechanical properties of masonry walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge-Based Investigation of Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Compatible Strengthening Design of an Existing Masonry Building

Cristofaro

Tanganelli

2023

Applied Sciences

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Most existing masonry buildings were built without following code regulations for seismic criteria. Hence, their performance compared to the demands of the current codes, for both seismic and static actions, could be very low. In engineering practice, strengthening interventions can be pursued at different levels, based on qualitative assessments of masonry structures. Firstly, the structures are evaluated through in situ inspections. Then, based on the structural system of the building a strengthening design is proposed. The design can be targeted at guaranteeing a box behavior of structures acting through macro-elements, or at strengthening the in-plane capacity of piers and spandrels. However, lower cognitive levels may drive inaccurate impressions about the capacity of structures, leading to unreliable strengthening solutions. While in some cases the confidence factor could underestimate the effects of the reinforcements, in other cases lower knowledge levels could lead to incorrect reinforcements that do not provide helpful solutions. In this paper, the issues concerning the strengthening design of masonry structures are presented and discussed with regard to an existing building. The construction is a 20th century masonry building used as a nursing home for elderly persons. The study follows a knowledge-based procedure where, after achievement of the highest knowledge level and the proposal of compatible and effective strengthening interventions, the analysis of the potential effects of achieving lower knowledge levels is discussed both in terms of vulnerability computations and in terms of strengthening effectiveness. Regarding vulnerability assessment, a lower knowledge level leads to non-conservative results, with an increase in the estimated capacity of around 80%. Critical evaluation of the different configurations for the case study makes it clear that for the considered masonry building the mortar investigation represented the most important parameter to be investigated. The proposal of strengthening interventions before assessment of this parameter may lead to ineffective improvements resulting in index values lower than 0.60. The study represents the opportunity to assess comparisons in the setting of different investigation strategies and their effect on the definition of the strengthening solutions.

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Environmental and Economic Impact of Retrofitting Techniques to Prevent Out-of-Plane Failure Modes of Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Modeling Approaches for the Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Masonry Structures: The E-PUSH Program

Modeling Approaches for the Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of Masonry Structures: The E-PUSH Program

Leveraging Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) for Optimized Decision Making in Adobe Construction Materials

Knowledge-Based Investigation of Seismic Vulnerability Assessment and Compatible Strengthening Design of an Existing Masonry Building

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