Environmental and economic evaluation of pre-disaster plans for disaster waste management: Case study of Minami-Ise, Japan

Abstract

Although it is important that disaster waste be demolished and removed as soon as possible after a natural disaster, it is also important that its treatment is environmentally friendly and economic. Local municipalities do not conduct environmental and economic feasibility studies of pre-disaster waste management; nevertheless, pre-disaster waste management is extremely important to promote treatment of waste after natural disasters. One of the reasons that they cannot conduct such evaluations is that the methods and inventory data required for the environmental and economic evaluation does not exist. In this study, we created the inventory data needed for evaluation and constructed evaluation methods using life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC) methodologies for future natural disasters. We selected the Japanese town of Minami-Ise for the related case study. Firstly, we estimated that the potential disaster waste generation derived from dwellings would be approximately 554,000t. Based on this result, the land area required for all the temporary storage sites for storing the disaster waste was approximately 55ha. Although the public domain and private land area in this case study is sufficient, several sites would be necessary to transport waste to other sites with enough space because local space is scarce. Next, we created inventory data of each process such as waste transportation, operation of the temporary storage sites, and waste treatment. We evaluated the environmental burden and cost for scenarios in which the disaster waste derived from specified kinds of home appliances (refrigerators, washing machines, air-conditioners and TV sets) was transported, stored and recycled. In the scenario, CO, SO, NO and PM emissions and total cost were 142t, 7kg, 257kg, 38kg and 1772 thousand USD, respectively. We also focused on SO emission as a regional pollution source because transportation and operation of the temporary storage sites generates air pollution. If the treatment of all waste were finished in 3years, the environmental standard would be satisfied by setting work duration to 4.8h/d.

An Integrated Location-Allocation Model for Temporary Disaster Debris Management under an Uncertain Environment

“…Step 4 Obtain the distance of each alternate from its FPIS and FNIS using Equations (27) and (28) as follows:…”

“…The concept of TDDMS was considered for disaster waste separation in the proposed decision support tool. Tabata et al [27] provided an environmental and economic evaluation of pre-disaster plans for disaster waste management using the concept of TDDMS. In this study, temporary disaster waste management site selection criteria were based on the cost and capacity of the temporary site.…”

“…In our model, "costs of land" and "transportation" criteria are cost criteria, and the rest of the five criteria, hydrology, distance from dwellings, flora and fauna, topography and soil and site capacity, are benefit criteria. The next step is to calculate the values of L + i and L − i by using Equations (27) and (28). Finally, the values of the coefficient of closeness (cc i ) for all alternatives, which are shown in Table 11, are determined by using Equation (29).…”

Evaluation of Post-Earthquake, Tsunami, and Liquefaction Disaster Waste Management in Palu

“…The amount of damage to the building will be multiplied by the function of building damage [8] where the function of building damage will be different in the type of building damage, namely in buildings that are damaged all parts or damaged some parts and mass per unit in this case is concrete because buildings in the city of Palu are dominated by concrete buildings. Estimates of disaster waste generation with construction waste characteristics will be calculated using the equation below [9].…”

Introduction Study of Tidal Flood Waste Management Cost in North Semarang Sub-District

“…One important factor in disaster prevention, which is an understanding of the amount and characteristics of disaster waste [21]. The important thing after knowing the estimation or potential for disaster waste generation, then the things that must be considered afterward are transportation activities, land collection areas, and inventory cost requirements [22]. This function is to evaluate environmental costs and scenario costs for disaster waste handling activities.…”