Environmental analysis of cities with hot climate and rugged terrain

Abstract

Having hot windless climate and rugged terrain resulting from the lack of sufficient aeration, southern cities are in extreme environmental conditions. Urban construction on a rugged terrain affects the established local microclimate by changing the structure of the environment and hydrogeological conditions. In addition, the development of urban space and the construction of modern high-rise buildings significantly affect the aerodynamics of the environment. In hot climate, the urban environment has stable zones suffering from lack of natural air circulation and high concentration of harmful emissions. The article analyzes the factors that aggravate the environmental situation of cities with a rugged terrain and high temperatures. Insufficient aeration and high intensity of solar radiation in the urban environment are identified as the main factors of unfavorable environment in cities with rugged terrain. Based on the analysis of the climatic parameters of the cities of Sochi, Makhachkala and field observations in the city of Dushanbe, we identified conditions under which local air circulation is formed, contributing to the improvement in the environmental situation. The aeration formation models for urban space with different landscaping options are built. The analysis will enable to make the accurate assessment of the factors affecting the formation of aeration of thermal origin and their role in improving the environment of cities with hot, windless climate.