Environmental Air Pollution and the Risk of Osteoporosis and Bone Fractures

Nakao, Motoyuki; Ishihara, Yoko

doi:10.3961/jpmph.18.115

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In addition to these, other factors such as genetic predisposition and the consumption habits of individuals can also affect a person's chances of developing this condition [37][38][39][40]. Additionally, dietary supplements can help prevent or manage osteoporosis, and they can also be very helpful in controlling the development and progression of this condition [39][40][41][42][43]. The importance of the gut microbiome has been acknowledged as a potential tool for treating various human diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of the gut microbiome has been acknowledged as a potential tool for treating various human diseases. The complex cross-talk of the gut-bone axis can help determine the outcome of skeletal health and osteointegration [37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Through studies on the interactions between the gut microbiome and bone metabolism, researchers have gained a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that can affect the development and maintenance of osteoporosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain, Gut-Bone Axes, and the Impact of Cannabinoids

et al. 2022

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The gut microbiome is a collection of microorganisms and parasites in the gastrointestinal tract. Many factors can affect this community’s composition, such as age, sex, diet, medications, and environmental triggers. The relationship between the human host and the gut microbiota is crucial for the organism’s survival and development, whereas the disruption of this relationship can lead to various inflammatory diseases. Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are used to treat muscle spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis. It is now clear that these compounds also benefit patients with neuroinflammation. CBD and THC are used in the treatment of inflammation. The gut is a significant source of nutrients, including vitamins B and K, which are gut microbiota products. While these vitamins play a crucial role in brain and bone development and function, the influence of gut microbiota on the gut-brain and gut-bone axes extends further and continues to receive increasing scientific scrutiny. The gut microbiota has been demonstrated to be vital for optimal brain functions and stress suppression. Additionally, several studies have revealed the role of gut microbiota in developing and maintaining skeletal integrity and bone mineral density. It can also influence the development and maintenance of bone matrix. The presence of the gut microbiota can influence the actions of specific T regulatory cells, which can lead to the development of bone formation and proliferation. In addition, its metabolites can prevent bone loss. The gut microbiota can help maintain the bone’s equilibrium and prevent the development of metabolic diseases, such as osteoporosis. In this review, the dual functions gut microbiota plays in regulating the gut-bone axis and gut-brain axis and the impact of CBD on these roles are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain, Gut-Bone Axes, and the Impact of Cannabinoids

et al. 2022

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Outdoor air pollution exposure, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mousavibaygei

Bisadi

ZareSakhvidi

2023

Science of The Total Environment

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Associations between Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of Osteoporosis-Related Fracture in a Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea

Heo

Kim

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Bone health is a major concern for aging populations globally. Osteoporosis and bone mineral density are associated with air pollution, but less is known about the impacts of air pollution on osteoporotic fracture. We aimed to assess the associations between long-term air pollution exposure and risk of osteoporotic fracture in seven large Korean cities. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard rations (HRs) of time-varying moving window of past exposures of particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) for osteoporotic fracture in Korean adults (age ≥50 y) in the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort data, followed 2002 to 2015. HRs were calculated for an interquartile range (IQR) increase. Comorbidity and prescription associated with osteoporosis, age, sex, body mass index, health behaviors, and income were adjusted in the models. Effect modification by age, sex, exercise, and income was examined. We assessed 56,467 participants over 535,481 person-years of follow up. Linear and positive exposure-response associations were found for SO2, while PM10 and NO2 showed nonlinear associations. SO2 was associated with osteoporosis-related fracture with marginal significance (HR for an IQR [2 ppb] increase = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.09). The SO2 HR estimates were robust in analyses applying various moving windows of exposure (from one to three years of past exposure) and two-pollutant models. The central HR estimate of O3 implied positive associations but was not significant (HR for 0.007 ppm increase = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.06). PM10, CO, and NO2 did not show associations. Vulnerable groups by sex, age, exercise, and income varied across air pollutants and there was no evidence of effect modifications. Long-term exposure to SO2, but not PM10, CO, NO2 and O3, was associated with increased osteoporotic fracture risks in Korean adults.

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Environmental Air Pollution and the Risk of Osteoporosis and Bone Fractures

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Modulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain, Gut-Bone Axes, and the Impact of Cannabinoids

Modulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain, Gut-Bone Axes, and the Impact of Cannabinoids

Outdoor air pollution exposure, bone mineral density, osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Associations between Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of Osteoporosis-Related Fracture in a Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea

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