Enuresis in Twins

Bakwin, Harry

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1971.02100140088007

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Secondary enuresis, however, may be the result of a concomitant problem such as diabetes, urinary tract infections or neurologic pathologies amongst others (AASM, 2005). Hereditary factors are known to play a role, and some studies have identified chromosomal links on locations 22q, 13q and 12q (Arnell et al 1997;Bakwin 1971;Eiberg 1998;von Gontard et al 1998). Pollmächer and colleagues highlight that while around 50% of first--degree relatives of narcoleptic patients also share the critical gene variant, few of these individuals develop the disorder, suggesting the importance of other genetic and/or environmental influences in its pathogenesis (Pollmächer et al 1990).…”

Section: Bruxism: Bruxism Is a Movement Disorder Characterised By Teementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Barclay¹,

Gregory²

2013

The Neurobiology of Childhood

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Sleep changes throughout the lifespan, with particularly salient alterations occurring during the first few years of life, as well as during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Such changes are partly the result of brain maturation; complex changes in the organisation of the circadian system; as well as changes in daily routine, environmental demands and responsibilities.Despite the automaticity of sleep, given that it is governed by a host of complex mechanisms, there are times when sleep becomes disturbed. Sleep disturbances in childhood are common and may stem from behavioural difficulties or abnormalities in physiological processes and, in some cases manifest into diagnosable sleep disorders. As well as occurring exclusively, childhood sleep disturbances often co--occur with other difficulties. The purpose of this chapter is to outline the neurobiology of typical sleep/wake processes, and describe changes in sleep physiology and architecture from birth to adulthood. Furthermore, common childhood sleep disorders are described as are their associations with other traits, including all of the syndromes presented in this handbook: ASDs, ADHD, schizophrenia, and emotional/ behavioural difficulties. Throughout, we attempt to explain possible mechanisms underlying these disorders and their associations.

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Section: Bruxism: Bruxism Is a Movement Disorder Characterised By Teementioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Barclay¹,

Gregory²

2013

The Neurobiology of Childhood

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“…Bakwin et al [15] showed that the incidence of NE is highest in families in which both parents have been enuretic (77%). A recent Finnish study in twins reported a concordance rate of 0.43 for monozygotic twins, against 0.19 for dizygotic twins in childhood, whereas it was 0.25 vs 0, respectively, in adulthood [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does monosymptomatic enuresis exist? A molecular genetic exploration of 32 families with enuresis/incontinence

Loeys

Hoebeke²,

Raes³

et al. 2002

BJU International

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Objectives To confirm linkage to microsatellite markers on chromosome 8q, 12q, 13q and 22q in families with nocturnal enuresis/incontinence segregating with an autosomal dominant pattern, and to determine if there is an association between the clinical subtype and these linked loci. Patients and methods Families with at least three members with nocturnal enuresis in two generations were included in the study. The index patient was 7 years old and had evidence of bladder dysfunction; all other family members were 5 years old. Bladder dysfunction in the index patients was documented by video‐urodynamics when indicated. A nycthemeral rhythm of diuresis was documented in all index patients. The clinical diagnosis of all family members was based on a questionnaire on voiding problems and micturition habits, uroflowmetry, measurement of functional bladder capacity and nocturnal diuresis. Linkage was analysed using an autosomal dominant model with a gene frequency equal to 0.05 and a penetrance of 0.9. Results Thirty‐two families with nocturnal enuresis/incontinence (one with four, 25 with three and six with two generations) were included. The mean number of persons included per family was 10 and on average five members were symptomatic. Linkage of nocturnal enuresis to a region on chromosome 22q11 was found in nine families, to 13q13–14 in six and to 12q in four. There was no convincing evidence for linkage to chromosome 8q. Clinical findings in the proband and their family members with possible linkage to a given locus were heterogeneous, and hence no clear genotype/phenotype correlation could be postulated. Conclusion These findings support the hypothesis of the genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of nocturnal enuresis/incontinence. Putative linkage was confirmed to the same chromosomal loci as in previous studies of ‘monosymptomatic’ enuresis and different phenotypes were linked to the same loci.

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“…In an epidemiological cross-sectional study performed in 3206 children, it was demonstrated that the risk of NE increased 5-7 fold, if a history of NE was present in the mother or in the father and 11.3 fold, if a history of NE was present in both the mother and the father (15). In a study performed in 338 twins, NE association was found with a rate of 68% in monozygotic twins and 36% in dizygotic twins (16). Genetic studies have demonstrated that especially 12q, 13q and 22q constitute the enuretic gene family (17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Genetic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Noktürnal enürezis

Akman¹

2012

Tpa

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Review Sum maryNocturnal enuresis is one of the most common urinary problems in children and is observed in about 15-20 percent of children aged 5 years. Nocturnal enuresis resolves at a rate of 15% per year, so 99% of children are dry by the age of fifteen years. Enuresis can be defined as repetitive bed wetting while sleeping. Enuresis in children without any other lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms -excluding nocturia-and without a history of bladder dysfunction is defined as monosymptomatic enuresis. Most of the enuretic children belong to this group. A bladder dysfunction must be kept in mind in an enuretic child having day time symptoms. Behavioral treatment, alarm treatment and pharmacological treatment are the most frequently used approaches for treatment. In all treatment modalities and especially in alarm treatment, the motivation and active involvement of the family and the child are very important. (Turk Arch Ped 2012; 47: 80-5)

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Enuresis in Twins

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Does monosymptomatic enuresis exist? A molecular genetic exploration of 32 families with enuresis/incontinence

Noktürnal enürezis

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