Entrustable Professional Activities: Reflecting on Where We Are to Define a Path for the Next Decade

Schumacher, Daniel J.; Turner, David A.

doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000004097

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…There is a paradigm shift in assessment of future clinician (Schumacher and Turner, 2021), instead of a clinical competency checklist approach, the focus has shifted towards work task outcomes (Ten Cate and Scheele, 2007). A national effort has led to the introduction of workplace-based assessment using the entrustable professional activities (EPA) framework for undergraduates undergoing clinical placements (Zainuldin and Tan, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-designing performance management for healthcare – the performance empowerment, advancement and career excellence (PEACE) system

Kwok,

Zulimran,

Sue

2023

IJPPM

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PurposeThe project was undertaken to re-design the performance management system for allied health professionals (AHPs). The primary aim of the system is to protect healthcare workers from being assigned excessive responsibilities that often result in over-time work.Design/methodology/approachA project algorithm provided an overview of objectives (project scope) to achieve during the project period, October 2020 to August 2022. The project uses top-down and bottom-up approaches in re-design of the performance management system to ensure that the end-product is acceptable for the senior management and AHPs. Process evaluation was used throughout the project phases to reiterate and improve the system. User acceptance (outcome evaluation) was surveyed from senior management and AHPs separately to support finalization of the system.FindingsThe authors found acceptance in use of the revised system from senior management and AHPs, thus the system is validated. Based on qualitative feedbacks, participants are motivated by the new system. Therefore, the system designed is feasible for implementation to control for work task assignment.Originality/valueThis is the first paper that demonstrates the application of skills and tasks approach in performance management of AHPs. The use of entrustable professional activities framework is currently limited to undergraduate AHPs, but the authors have successfully translated and implemented the framework for practising AHPs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-designing performance management for healthcare – the performance empowerment, advancement and career excellence (PEACE) system

Kwok,

Zulimran,

Sue

2023

IJPPM

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“…Others have suggested EPAs can support time-variable training. 5 A recent systematic review 6 Our specific goals were to identify the specific domains, the framework of competencies, and the set of EPAs in PC pediatrics. We wanted these EPAs to provide residents and tutors opportunities to reflect on professional practice by focusing on outcomes of care for children and their families.…”

Section: Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there are varying definitions of EPAs, ten Cate and Taylor’s 4 definition for an EPA is commonly accepted: “a unit of professional practice that can be fully entrusted to a trainee once he or she has demonstrated the necessary competence to execute this activity unsupervised.” Others have suggested EPAs can support time-variable training. 5…”

Section: Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entrustable Professional Activities for the Training of Postgraduate Primary Care Pediatricians

Pérez¹,

Rodrigo²,

Kovács³

et al. 2022

Academic Medicine

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Problem Competency-based training is a model of medical education program that uses an organized framework of competencies to develop entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for each specialty. Implementation of EPAs varies by medical specialty and country. Although national models for primary care pediatrics have been suggested in the past, standardized EPAs have not been established. Approach The authors, all members of the curriculum working group of the European Confederation of Primary Care Paediatricians, describe the development and design of a training model based on EPAs specifically for pediatricians in primary care. The objective was to facilitate and disseminate a training model that standardizes and improves training in primary care pediatrics. They aimed to make the model flexible enough so that it can be adapted to different training models and different European health systems. Outcomes Between May 2017 and December 2019, the authors developed a framework that includes 7 domains of competencies for the training in pediatric primary care and a set of 11 core EPAs to guide the learning process. They structured each EPA as follows: title, activity profile, domains of competence, competencies within each domain, required knowledge and skills, learning objectives described in terms of outcomes, and a 3-stage rating supervision scale to evaluate the level of performance. Next Steps The next step is the progressive implementation of these EPAs into the postgraduate primary care pediatrics training programs of European health systems. To support this implementation, the authors intend to develop training videos to assist in daily teaching of the EPAs. The authors will also develop a pan-European online resident forum designed specifically to facilitate EPA learning by sharing and discussing clinical cases. They plan to launch a pilot study on the use of the EPAs in primary care health centers in 6 European countries.

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“…Communication is essential to engaging patients in making shared healthcare decisions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Patientcentered communication requires medical personnel to possess skills of empathy and intentionality to understand the health goals and values of patients, allowing them to reach an agreement on recommended healthcare options (6-10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Communication Training: The Effect of Gender and Experience with Goals of Care Discussions

Dorough

Adamuţi‐Trache

Sekar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background. Communication skills are increasingly recognized as a crucial component of medical training. However, little is known about the efficacy of various training methods when considering diverse student backgrounds, such as gender and prior training experience (i.e., year of residency). Objective. This study explores medical learners’ perception of effective communication in conducting goals of care (GOC) discussions with patients after receiving communication training as well as assessing for differences in preparedness for GOC discussions by gender and prior training experience. Participants. A sample of 114 residents in either their first, second, or third year of internal medicine residency. Main Measure. Participants participated in the communication training and completed pre- and –post- surveys on perceived effectiveness in GOC discussions. Design. We employed multivariate analyses of the surveys. Main Measures. The main measure was to examine residents’ perception of preparedness as defined by residents perceived effectiveness of care, confidence in having GOC discussions with patients, confidence in making recommendations that align with patient values, and the perceived value of GOC training. Key Results. We found that after communication training most residents, regardless of gender or year of residency, felt more effective in having healthcare conversations with patients and making GOC healthcare recommendations. We also found that males and females reported differences in experiences in practicing GOC discussions depending on prior training in medical school. Conclusion. The study also shows that the same curriculum is effective for residents at each level of training, but more research on the interaction effect between prior training and gender is needed.

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Entrustable Professional Activities: Reflecting on Where We Are to Define a Path for the Next Decade

Abstract: The supplement this Foreword introduces has been funded by the American Board of Pediatrics Foundation.

Cited by 16 publications

References 57 publications

Re-designing performance management for healthcare – the performance empowerment, advancement and career excellence (PEACE) system

Re-designing performance management for healthcare – the performance empowerment, advancement and career excellence (PEACE) system

Entrustable Professional Activities for the Training of Postgraduate Primary Care Pediatricians

Medical Communication Training: The Effect of Gender and Experience with Goals of Care Discussions

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