“…In fact, the difficulty in calculating information entropy lies in obtaining an accurate probability density function. He et al used multi-point density function scanning of geological models to obtain probability density functions [30].…”
Section: Weighted Methods To Select the Optimal Patternmentioning
In this paper, a multi-point geostatistical (MPS) method based on variational function partition simulation is proposed to solve the key problem of MPS 3D modeling using 2D training images. The new method uses the FILTERSIM algorithm framework, and the variational function is used to construct simulation partitions and training image sequences, and only a small number of training images close to the unknown nodes are used in the partition simulation to participate in the MPS simulation. To enhance the reliability, a new covariance filter is also designed to capture the diverse features of the training patterns and allow the filter to downsize the training patterns from any direction; in addition, an information entropy method is used to reconstruct the whole 3D space by selecting the global optimal solution from several locally similar training patterns. The stability and applicability of the new method in complex geological modeling are demonstrated by analyzing the parameter sensitivity and algorithm performance. A geological model of a uranium deposit is simulated to test the pumping of five reserved drill holes, and the results show that the accuracy of the simulation results of the new method is improved by 11.36% compared with the traditional MPS method.
“…In fact, the difficulty in calculating information entropy lies in obtaining an accurate probability density function. He et al used multi-point density function scanning of geological models to obtain probability density functions [30].…”
Section: Weighted Methods To Select the Optimal Patternmentioning
In this paper, a multi-point geostatistical (MPS) method based on variational function partition simulation is proposed to solve the key problem of MPS 3D modeling using 2D training images. The new method uses the FILTERSIM algorithm framework, and the variational function is used to construct simulation partitions and training image sequences, and only a small number of training images close to the unknown nodes are used in the partition simulation to participate in the MPS simulation. To enhance the reliability, a new covariance filter is also designed to capture the diverse features of the training patterns and allow the filter to downsize the training patterns from any direction; in addition, an information entropy method is used to reconstruct the whole 3D space by selecting the global optimal solution from several locally similar training patterns. The stability and applicability of the new method in complex geological modeling are demonstrated by analyzing the parameter sensitivity and algorithm performance. A geological model of a uranium deposit is simulated to test the pumping of five reserved drill holes, and the results show that the accuracy of the simulation results of the new method is improved by 11.36% compared with the traditional MPS method.
“…Thus, the undesired areas were eliminated to extract the segmented point clouds: the pathology sector (1) and the reference zone (2). In addition, the TLS data were subsampled at 20 mm resolution to try to homogenise the unordered datasets, thus reducing their information entropy [9].…”
Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is a widely used technology in numerous sectors since it enables the recording of both geometric data and colour information of the objects. Moreover, this remote sensing technique allows for producing point clouds enhanced with the reflection intensity of the laser beam. Scientific research has used those data to detect and assess building surface deficiencies. However, the laser scanning intensity fingerprint of a building pathology is yet to be addressed. Thus, this research quantitatively analyses the distribution of point cloud intensities throughout the object geometry to show changes against the general context of the building component surface. This intensity fingerprint reveals the extent of the pathology, which leads to filtering the point cloud by those intensity values to extract and calculate the surface defect. On this basis, TLS is proven to be useful to record, detect, characterise, and examine specific building surface deficiencies and carry out the conservation status analysis of the assets surveyed. The case studies in this chapter are heritage buildings with clear surface pathologies. However, given the relationship between the building surface deficiencies and the point cloud data intensities, this research can also be applied to detect anomalies in modern buildings and constructions.
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