Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Entrepreneurial Initiative: Building a Multi-Country Taxonomy

Abstract

The main goal of this article is to appraise the existence of different patterns of the Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, to identify its relationship with Entrepreneurial Initiative, and recommend entrepreneurship policies that may influence the growth of entrepreneurial action. Without evidence on entrepreneurial ecosystems landscape and what determinants stimulate entrepreneurship in a given environment, policies could become flawed and miss the target. To address research purposes, the analysis was performed using data extracted from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Database carried out between 2010 and 2016. To ensure a longitudinal perspective, it was used a balanced panel approach followed by Logistic Regression estimations. The article offers a novel and systematic approach, the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Taxonomy, to overcome a disaggregated perspective on entrepreneurial ecosystems, between individual and context levels. Empirical findings capture four different country profiles, based on two measures: Entrepreneurial ecosystems and entrepreneurial initiative. The results allow to compare the four groups and appraise significant disparities around entrepreneurship determinants, namely, the education factor. While education is commonly recognized as a positive influence on entrepreneurship, the results suggest a contradictory effect. The existence of differentiated profiles and its determinants points outs the importance of developing specific entrepreneurship policy packages attending group specificities.

Digital Society Incubator: Combining Exponential Technology and Human Potential to Build Resilient Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

“…Spigel (2017), for instance, identified eight key components, namely, government policy, access to capital and markets, access to labor and human capital, access to professional services, physical infrastructure, university engagement, local culture and attitudes toward entrepreneurship, and access to mentors. All such elements could be grouped into three categories: (a) resources (entrepreneurs and support resources), (b) interactions (stakeholders' connection and network), and (c) governance (policy tools) (Pita et al 2021).…”

“…More recently, Ali et al (2021) undertook a study of entrepreneurship ecosystem performance in Egypt based on the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI), whereas Pita et al (2021) studied entrepreneurial ecosystems and entrepreneurial initiatives by building a multi-country taxonomy. Hajikhani (2020) also studied the impact of entrepreneurial ecosystems in smart cities by undertaking a comprehensive assessment of social media data.…”

Political and Historical Determinants of the Differentiation of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems of Agritourism in Poland and Kazakhstan

“…It is the subject of numerous studies [9][10][11][12][13][14] and is an important part of tourism and a sustainable economy at the local level [15][16][17]. Just as the level of tourism development in the studied regions differs, so does the degree of development of the entrepreneurship ecosystem (EE) [18][19][20]. For the study, the latter was defined as a group of different actors in the entrepreneurial scene, who are existing or potential entrepreneurs or organisations that support entrepreneurship, which can be companies, venture capitalists, and banks [21].…”

International Trade in the High-Tech Sector—Support or Obstacle to Start-Up Processes at the Macro Level in European Union Countries?

“…The most recent attitude to the environment of entrepreneurs is included in the concept of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem [49,51], or even the innovation ecosystem [52], which highlights the special importance of the quality of the entrepreneurial ecosystem for the entrepreneurial initiatives [53]. The concept of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is transferred from the natural sciences, where ecosystem means the interactions between two components, a community of living organisms and their non-living components, and is characterized by openness, dynamics, context-specificity, and resilience [54].…”