Entre a teoria parasitária e a oncologia experimental: uma proposta de sistematização da ciência oncológica em Portugal, 1889-1945

Costa, Rui Manuel Pinto

doi:10.1590/s0104-59702012000200004

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Experimental oncology is defined by studies that aim at the analysis and understanding of carcinogenesis, sometimes induced in experimental animal models with the use of physical, chemical, natural carcinogens or biological agents. In addition, experimental oncology supports clinical oncology, by studying oncolytic or oncostatic effects of artificial (drug) or natural (hormones) chemicals in tissue or cell cultures (13).…”

Section: Application Of Cell Lines In Experimental Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Drug-resistant Cell Lines as a Model in Experimental Oncology: A Review

et al. 2019

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Many types of cancer are initially susceptible to chemotherapy, but during treatment, patients may develop resistance to therapy. Knowing that acquisition of drug resistance is a major clinical problem in antineoplastic treatment, the present work aimed to present, through a literature review, the development of chemoresistant cells lines as a model in experimental oncology. A total of 110 drugresistant cell lines, mainly from lung tumors and leukemias, have been developed. In addition, it has been observed that the drugs used for induction of resistance represented the drugs used for first-line treatment of each neoplasia, since the ideal chemotherapeutic treatment to induce resistance in vitro aims at a better modulation of the therapeutic response in order to better study the mechanisms of resistance. Normal tissue controls the production and release of growth promoting signals that regulate the initiation and progression of the cell cycle, ensuring cellular homeostasis and maintainance of healthy tissue architecture and function. Cancer cells exhibit deregulation of these signals and may acquire the ability to maintain continuous and abnormal proliferative signaling, inhibition of growth suppressors, resistance to cell death, replicative immortality, angiogenesis and metastasis that leads to an inadequate and pathogenic functioning of the tissue in which they occur (1-4). The literature shows that, in the tumor model, cancer cells originate from a single cell that has important stem cell characteristics, including the unlimited potential for replication and mechanisms of protection from xenobiotic agents. These findings have a significant effect on cancer treatment, since traditional antineoplastic treatment was based on the assumption that all somatic cells have a similar malignant potential, and the lack of specificity in combating these characteristics has rendered the therapies ineffective in providing a lasting response to cancer (5, 6). Chemotherapy is one of the pillars of clinical cancer treatment, but its outcome usually culminates in multidrug resistance (MDR), a phenomenon that can be found in several cells present in the tumor microenvironment, drastically restricting and the curative effect of drugs for a variety of tumors (7-9). Although many types of cancer are initially susceptible to chemotherapy, over the course of the therapeutic regimen, some patients may develop therapeutic resistance, due to several intracellular mechanisms including genetic and epigenetic changes in signaling pathways of survival, drug metabolizing enzymes and drug efflux pump mechanisms. Epigenetic modifications also act as an important set of mechanisms that lead to resistance in cancer treatment, and the main ones include DNA methylation and histone acetylation that can influence carcinogenesis because they deregulate normal expression of genes (Figure 1) (10, 11). The most studied mechanism of resistance to drugs against cancer involves the reduction of the intracellular concentration of the drug by increasing drug ...

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Section: Application Of Cell Lines In Experimental Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Drug-resistant Cell Lines as a Model in Experimental Oncology: A Review

et al. 2019

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“…Em seu livro Premières études expérimentales sur la nature du cancer, publicado em 1887, ele afirma ter encontrado vários bacilos de extremidades arredondadas, parecidos com os da febre tifoide, no sangue de um indivíduo com câncer. 40 Microrganismos iguais também foram detectados no 'suco' canceroso do tumor.…”

Section: A Primeira Tendência Aqui Será a De Se Considerar O Agente Autoperpetuador Nesse Sarcoma De Galinha Como Um Organismo Parasitáriunclassified

“…Apesar de Scheurlen ter declarado haver estabelecido a relação causal entre o bacilo e o câncer, seus resultados, assim como os de Freire, não foram bem recebidos pela comunidade científica internacional. 47 Seja como for, o debate entre Scheurlen e Freire, ainda que importante, não foi suficiente para fazer com que os médicos e estudiosos brasileiros assumissem o câncer como um problema de saúde pública em território nacional, conforme veremos a seguir.…”

Section: A Primeira Tendência Aqui Será a De Se Considerar O Agente Autoperpetuador Nesse Sarcoma De Galinha Como Um Organismo Parasitáriunclassified

estudos sobre o câncer no século XIX e sua construção como um problema médico no início do século XX no Brasil

Andrade

Goldfarb

Waisse

2017

RBHC

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Analisamos o panorama de estudos sobre a etiologia do câncer produzidos ao longo do século XIX e início do século XX. O objetivo foi compreender como os conceitos relacionados aos mecanismos da doença foram construídos e reinterpretados ao longo desse período. Verificamos que o câncer se transformou, durante o século XIX, em uma entidade cada vez mais discutida e estudada. Em grande medida, isso se deveu ao aumento da incidência de pesquisas sobre o funcionamento das células, capitaneadas por estudiosos como Johannes Müller e Rudolf Virchow, cujos trabalhos possibilitaram um melhor entendimento das condições que poderiam favorecer ou determinar o surgimento das células cancerígenas. Por sua vez, no Brasil, a percepção sobre o câncer como um problema de saúde pública começou a mudar no início da primeira década do século XX, a partir dos trabalhos dos médicos Antônio Augusto de Azevedo Sodré e Olympio Viriato Portugal. Isso se deu em meio a um cenário em que a preocupação maior ainda se centrava em doenças de maior impacto social, como a tuberculose.

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Oncology research in late twentieth century and turn of the century Portugal: a scientometric approach to its institutional and semantic dimensions

Brás

Cointet²,

Cambrosio

et al. 2017

Scientometrics

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This paper analyses the developmental dynamics of oncology research in Portugal during the second half of the twentieth century and early twenty first century. Grounding its conclusions in a scientometric analysis of a database of publications covering the period 1976-2015, the paper shows how the expansion of oncology research from the end of the 1990s through the 2000s is closely related to science and technology Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Entre a teoria parasitária e a oncologia experimental: uma proposta de sistematização da ciência oncológica em Portugal, 1889-1945

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Establishment of Drug-resistant Cell Lines as a Model in Experimental Oncology: A Review

Establishment of Drug-resistant Cell Lines as a Model in Experimental Oncology: A Review

estudos sobre o câncer no século XIX e sua construção como um problema médico no início do século XX no Brasil

Oncology research in late twentieth century and turn of the century Portugal: a scientometric approach to its institutional and semantic dimensions

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