Entrapment of chromium in cement with waste material

Biswal, Sudhansu S.; Panda, Chittaranjan; Sahoo, Sudarsan; Jena, Trilochan

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.03.326

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A steady increase in the world population and extensive urbanization of the landscape leads to a massive amount of waste disposal and in turn to environmental pollution and human health problems. , Among various heavy metal contaminations, chromium species have received particular attention owing to their rapid migration, environmental accumulation, and acute toxicity . In general, Cr metal exists as Cr(VI) and Cr(III) species, wherein the low-valent oxidation state is a nutrient, while the high-valent species are toxic systems. − When Cr(VI) species enter the bloodstream, they damage blood cells and DNA and, in turn, hemolysis and kidney and liver failure occur. − In the literature, there is sufficient evidence for human carcinogenicity by the Cr(VI) species. ,, The following are some of the sources of chromium species: cement-producing plants, asbestos linings, automotive catalytic converters, tobacco smoke, tannery industries, and so on. − It is noteworthy that the tannery industries are one of the major sources of chromium discharges. It is estimated that 40 million liters of chromium-containing tannery wastewater have been released per year worldwide .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Electrocatalytic Reduction and Sensing of Hazardous Hexavalent Chromium Using a Redox-Active Binol Species-Impregnated Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Electrode

Srinivas

Kumar

2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Electrochemical reduction of the hexavalent chromium compounds, a serious environmental pollutant and carcinogen, to a nontoxic Cr(III) species is of significant research interest in interdisciplinary areas. Due to its high oxidation potential (1.36 V vs RHE) and associated surface fouling problems with organic-electrocatalyst systems, expensive precious metalbased electrodes like Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd have been widely used for this purpose. Herein we report, an in situ electrochemically prepared highly redox-active Binol species (Binol-Redox)-impregnated carbon nanofiber-modified electrode (CNF@Binol-Redox), E o ′ = 0.50 V versus Ag/AgCl and surface excess value (Γ Binol-Redox ) = 32.5 × 10 −9 mol•cm −2 , as a low-cost, stable, and highperformance molecular electrocatalyst for selective electrochemical reduction of Cr(VI) species in pH 2 HCL/KCl. The new electrode material was characterized using SEM, FTIR, Raman, GC-MS, 1 H NMR (active site isolated as an ethanolic extract), and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) techniques. It has been revealed that an intermediate electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction to H 2 O 2 occurred at CNF@Binol ads , which is a key step for the surface-adsorbed Binol-precursor oxidation to redox-active molecular electrocatalyst. CNF@Binol-Redox showed a high-performance reduction reaction at a reduction potential of 0.5 V versus Ag/AgCl (low overpotential, η = 0.5 V), which is much better than that of several conducting polymers and Pd-based electrocatalysts (high η = 1.5−0.6 V) and closer to the performance of a bulk gold electrode system. Further, this new electrode does not show any dissolved oxygen interference or surface-fouling problem. The Andrieux-Savent electrochemical kinetic model was adopted to calculate the heterogeneous rate constant (k chem ) as 4.29 × 10 5 mol −1 •dm 3 •s −1 . As practical applications, a prototype electrochemical Cr(VI) sensor operatable by one-drop analysis and bulk electrochemical detoxification of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) have been successfully demonstrated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Electrocatalytic Reduction and Sensing of Hazardous Hexavalent Chromium Using a Redox-Active Binol Species-Impregnated Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Electrode

Srinivas

Kumar

2022

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…These materials and tailing slags contain chromium, which is able to leach Cr 6+ . Cr 6+ was reported to pollute the environment and cause human poisoning and carcinogenesis [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Therefore, to achieve the comprehensive utilization of SSS and enhance economic benefits, it is necessary to solve the Cr 6+ leaching issue and ensure the safety of SSS products for long-term applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of binary basicity on chromium occurrence in stainless steel slag

Zeng

et al. 2022

J min metall B Metall

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Comprehensive utilization of stainless-steel slag (SSS) is restrained due to the risk of Cr6+ leaching. Based on the studying the microstructure of synthetic slag (SS) containing Cr2O3with XRD, SEM-EDS?and Image pro, the effect of binary basicity on the chromium occurrence in SSS was investigated. The results indicated that the binary basicity had a significant impact on the properties of spinel crystals. There was a positive correlation between the calcium content in spinel crystals and the SS basicity. The size of spinel crystals varied from large to small and the precipitation occurrence changed with the basicity increase. Furthermore, the chromium occurrences changed with basicity. The chromium was produced in spinel crystals at lower basicity, but as the basicity increased to 3.0, the chromium precipitated as calcium chromate. In view of the relationship between the chromium leaching behavior and its occurrence, increasing basicity raised the Cr6+ leaching.

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Feasibility and Environmental Compatibility of Concrete using Chromium Bearing Wastewater

et al. 2022

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The effluents of chrome plating industry seepage contain toxic hexavalent chromium generally in the range of 100 to 300 mg/L. The said values of chromium are not advisable to dispose to surface water bodies or land and the treatment process of this wastewater is quite expensive. Herein, we found a course of action to reuse the wastewater in cement matrix in manufacturing concrete work. The M-30 grade concrete samples were casted with portland slag cement (PSC) at wastewater to binder ratio of 0.45. The technical compatibility of concrete specimen i.e. the chromium immobilization and other properties are well satisfied nevertheless a small decrease in hardened concrete values also observed. XRD study revealed that the hydration product Ca(OH)2 is replaced by more insoluble CaCrO4. Scanning electron microscopy study (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) study exhibited the immobilization of chromium and quantification of chromium content. The mortar samples from concrete after 56 days of air curing were subjected to toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test at pH 2.88. In addition, two days’ short tank leaching test was conducted with the concrete samples as a whole. The leachability of toxic Cr6+ found in the range 0.03-0.09 mg/L and the total chromium (TCr) values in the range 0.12 -0.17 mg/L, which are less than discharge standard as per EP Act (1986), India. All these leaching test results comply with the discharge norms to land and inland surface water, respectively. Thus, the concrete specimens using aforesaid wastewater satisfy the technical aspects and fulfil the environmental requirement.

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Entrapment of chromium in cement with waste material

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

High-Performance Electrocatalytic Reduction and Sensing of Hazardous Hexavalent Chromium Using a Redox-Active Binol Species-Impregnated Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Electrode

High-Performance Electrocatalytic Reduction and Sensing of Hazardous Hexavalent Chromium Using a Redox-Active Binol Species-Impregnated Carbon Nanofiber-Modified Electrode

Effect of binary basicity on chromium occurrence in stainless steel slag

Feasibility and Environmental Compatibility of Concrete using Chromium Bearing Wastewater

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