Entomopathogenic Soil Microbes for Sustainable Crop Protection

Thakur, Neelam; Tomar, Preety; Kaur, Simranjeet; Jhamta, Samiksha; Thakur, Rajesh K.; Yadav, Ajar Nath

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73507-4_17

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Environmental pollution caused by synthetic chemicals is a major public concern nowadays for which a greener and cleaner tactic is required by the use of entomopathogenic microbial biopesticides. The applications of EPNs are an influential, efficient and eco-friendly approach for insect pest management (Thakur et al 2021). Earlier EPNs along with entomopathogenic fungus and bacteria have been reported to cause the highest mortality against Spodoptera larvae (Tomar et al 2022c) in bioassay as well as in polyhouse and field conditions (Thakur et al 2022c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal potential of indigenous isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Tomar

Thakur

2022

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Background Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been regarded as the most convenient strategy for insect pest management. The native strains of EPNs: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora EUPT-SD, H. bacteriophora EUPT-R, H. bacteriophora EUPT-KN, H. bacteriophora EUPT-K and H. bacteriophora EUPT-H isolated from mid-Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh were tested in laboratory for their multiplication and virulence against 3rd and 4th larval instars of the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the serious polyphagous pest affecting a wide range of agricultural crops worldwide. Results All the EPN strains were effective against 3rd and 4th larval instars of S. litura. Insect mortality reached 90–96% after 96 h at nematode concentrations of 150 infective juveniles (IJs)/ml. The insect mortality was also recorded at low concentrations of IJs, but the most exposure period was required. High virulence was shown by H. bacteriophora EUPT-SD 96 and 94%, followed by H. bacteriophora EUPT-R 92 and 90%, H. bacteriophora EUPT-KN 92 and 90%, H. bacteriophora EUPT-K 92 and 90% and H. bacteriophora EUPT-H 92 and 90%, respectively, against 3rd and 4th larval instars in terms of reproductive potential and killing. All the insects were alive in the absolute control. Conclusion Utilization of EPNs for the management of S. litura may be the best method to overcome the insect resistance problems and to manage the population of this insect pest. It may be an effective method and may be a partial substitute of synthetic insecticides, thus minimizing the excessive use of synthetic chemicals. The results demonstrated the potential of indigenous EPNs isolates against S. litura, but before further recommendation, multiplication field trials need to be conducted to confirm their efficacy at farm level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocidal potential of indigenous isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Tomar

Thakur

2022

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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“…to attain highest production in such a way that it is ecologically sustainable and worthwhile, but the major problem with modern agriculture is the losses caused by insect pest. About one million or more insect species are recognized and they all are universal and adaptable in nature (2). According to FAO removal of natural forest with advanced agricultural strategies like greenhouses for the production of monoculture provides suitable habits and habitat for the pest population.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous entomopathogenic nematode as biocontrol agents for insect pest management in hilly regions

2022

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The present investigation mainly emphasized on the development and use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a bio-insecticide. The success in controlling insect pests in the soil environments increased the production and use of the adapted indigenous EPNs species for insect management in the fields. EPNs as biocontrol agents were capable for high virulence, easy for application, safe for non-target animals and eco-friendly in nature. These nematodes have ubiquitous nature. These occur in low population in their natural habitat which was mass multiplied in the laboratory. In the present investigation, 5 concentrations (30IJs, 60IJs, 90IJs, 120IJs and 150IJs) of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain S15 were applied against the 3rd and 4th instar larvae of four major agricultural insect pests, namely Helicoverpa armigera, Spodoptera litura, Agrotis segetum and Mythimna separata under laboratory conditions at different time exposure (24, 48, 72 and 96 hr). It was observed that the 3rd and 4th larval instars of all 4 insects (H. armigera, S. litura, A. segetum and M. separata) were highly susceptible for the pathogenesis caused by H. bacteriophora Sirmaur isolates. Amongst all insects, both the larval instars of M. separata are highly susceptible for EPNs infection with highest 96% and 98% mortality in highest dose @150IJs. In 3rd instar larvae of other insects such as H. armigera, S. litura and A. segetum larval mortality ranges from 84%, 92% and 94% respectively. Among 4th instar larvae of H. armigera, S. litura and A. segetum the pathogenicity varies from 88%, 94% and 96% respectively. The recorded median lethal concentration (LC50) in 3rd instar larvae of H. armigera, S. litura, A. segetum and M. separata varies from 36.15, 30.05, 30.97 and 23.8. Similarly in 4th instar larvae of H. armigera, S. litura, A. segetum and M. separata, LC50 ranged from 31.41, 28.64, 26.92 and 20.64 respectively. Statistically significant variations were observed in the data recorded on the mortality, in all the treatments. EPNs are the best weapon to overcome insect resistance problems and must be employed to manage insect population.

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“…Presently, entomopathogens are used as natural biocontrol agents [25][26][27] for the management of economically important horticultural and agricultural crop insect pests [28,29]. Among them, Bacillus thuringiensis var.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic bacteria and fungi as eco-safe substitutes to chemical insecticides against leaf eating caterpillars of Spodoptera litura

Sharma,

Thakur,

Jhamta

et al. 2024

J App Biol Biotech

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The present study was carried out in laboratory conditions (25 ± 10°C and 70% humidity) for studying the bioefficacy of entomopathogenic fungi and Bacillus thuringiensis against Spodoptera litura using the leaf dip method. The insecticidal attributes of three different commercial bioinsecticides (Bacillus thuringiensis 0.5% W.P., Beauveria bassiana 1.0% W.P., and Metarhizium anisopliae 1.0% W.P.) at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%) were evaluated against the 3rd and 4th larval instars of S. litura. The analysis of variance results revealed that the highest concentration (1.5% concentration) of B. thuringiensis against the 3rd instar larvae of S. litura caused a maximum 80 ± 0.28% larval mortality, followed by B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, which caused 72 ± 0.21 and 64 ± 0.20% larval mortality after 120 h exposure. The calculated median lethal concentration in probit analysis demonstrated the lowest median lethal concentration of 1.22/10 larvae (95% fiducial limit 4.71–11.45) in the 3rd instar larvae after 72 h. Similarly, in 4th instar larvae of S. litura, the highest concentration (1.5% concentration) of B. thuringiensis caused maximum 76 ± 0.23% larval mortality, followed by B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, causing 70 ± 0.21% and 64 ± 0.20% larval mortality after 120 h. The calculated median lethal concentration in probit analysis demonstrated the lowest LC50 = 1.59/10 larvae (95% FL: 1.08–2.36) in the 4th instar larvae after 72 h. Based on these studies, it was revealed that B. thuringiensis and B. bassiana showed maximum efficacy against S. litura larvae. Although M. anisopliae also exhibits insecticidal properties, all of these bioinsecticides can be used to manage the population of S. litura. These bioinsecticides can be included in integrated pest management programs as they do not pose any toxic hazards to the environment.

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Entomopathogenic Soil Microbes for Sustainable Crop Protection

Cited by 9 publications

References 128 publications

Biocidal potential of indigenous isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Biocidal potential of indigenous isolates of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs) against tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Indigenous entomopathogenic nematode as biocontrol agents for insect pest management in hilly regions

Entomopathogenic bacteria and fungi as eco-safe substitutes to chemical insecticides against leaf eating caterpillars of Spodoptera litura

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