“…The application of EPNs in insect cadaver formulations in laboratory conditions (27 ± 1 °C and RH of 80 ± 10%) on engorged R. microplus females was tested by Monteiro et al (2014) and found a higher cumulative mortality using H. bacteriophora HP88 and S. carpocapsae all, with 100 and 80.6% CE, respectively. Using H. bacteriophora Poinar (VS strain) and S. carpocapsae Weiser (All strain) against R. microplus (Deutch strain), the maximum mortality reported by Singh et al (2018a) was 15 and 20%, respectively.…”
Although their control is based on chemical products, the infestations by ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say) are causing great losses and damages in the livestock production worldwide. In this study, the survival of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema carpocapsae, and Steinernema websteri in vegetal oil suspension at concentrations of 13 and 33% and their effectiveness to control ticks at concentrations of 50 ± 5 and 100 ± 10 nematodes in oil suspensions of Cymbopogon citratus, Pelargonium sp, Juniperus virginiana, Rosa sp, and Mentha piperita were evaluated in lab conditions. In field conditions, the lethal concentration (LC90) of S. websteri in oil suspensions of J. virginiana and C. citratus in dogs infested with ticks was evaluated. In the laboratory, it was found that an oil emulsion of C. citratus and J. virginiana at 13% maintained the survival of S. carpocapsae, H. bacteriophora, and S. websteri from 55 to 60% for a period of 96 hr. The combination of the S. websteri nematode with 50 or 100 nematodes in oil emulsions of J. virginiana at 33% presented a control effectiveness of 80 to100% in adult ticks 24 hr post-application. In field, the LC90 of 119 juveniles of S. websteri in oil emulsions of J. virginiana at 33% on domestic dogs presented an accumulated and a control effectiveness of 89% after 96 hr postapplication. The combined application of J. virginiana and S. websteri could be a good alternative for the control of ticks. It was observed that the time of contact and the type of vegetable oil were crucial factors to increase the effectiveness of control.
“…The application of EPNs in insect cadaver formulations in laboratory conditions (27 ± 1 °C and RH of 80 ± 10%) on engorged R. microplus females was tested by Monteiro et al (2014) and found a higher cumulative mortality using H. bacteriophora HP88 and S. carpocapsae all, with 100 and 80.6% CE, respectively. Using H. bacteriophora Poinar (VS strain) and S. carpocapsae Weiser (All strain) against R. microplus (Deutch strain), the maximum mortality reported by Singh et al (2018a) was 15 and 20%, respectively.…”
Although their control is based on chemical products, the infestations by ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say) are causing great losses and damages in the livestock production worldwide. In this study, the survival of the entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema carpocapsae, and Steinernema websteri in vegetal oil suspension at concentrations of 13 and 33% and their effectiveness to control ticks at concentrations of 50 ± 5 and 100 ± 10 nematodes in oil suspensions of Cymbopogon citratus, Pelargonium sp, Juniperus virginiana, Rosa sp, and Mentha piperita were evaluated in lab conditions. In field conditions, the lethal concentration (LC90) of S. websteri in oil suspensions of J. virginiana and C. citratus in dogs infested with ticks was evaluated. In the laboratory, it was found that an oil emulsion of C. citratus and J. virginiana at 13% maintained the survival of S. carpocapsae, H. bacteriophora, and S. websteri from 55 to 60% for a period of 96 hr. The combination of the S. websteri nematode with 50 or 100 nematodes in oil emulsions of J. virginiana at 33% presented a control effectiveness of 80 to100% in adult ticks 24 hr post-application. In field, the LC90 of 119 juveniles of S. websteri in oil emulsions of J. virginiana at 33% on domestic dogs presented an accumulated and a control effectiveness of 89% after 96 hr postapplication. The combined application of J. virginiana and S. websteri could be a good alternative for the control of ticks. It was observed that the time of contact and the type of vegetable oil were crucial factors to increase the effectiveness of control.
“…Cadavers of G. mellonella and T. molitor larvae are the most commonly used host species to introduce IJs to the soil. In general, most EPN species have higher rates of production from G. mellonella compared with T. molitor (Molina, Moino, & Cavalcanti, 2004;Monteiro, Matos, Araújo, Campos, et al, 2014;.…”
“…Parasite and vector of pathogens for horses Different strains Laboratory Monteiro et al [42] Yellow fever mosquito…”
Section: Dermacentor Nitensmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cadaver application method has also shown promising results to control the cattle tick, R. microplus [38] . In a laboratory experiment, the application of nematodes of the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema, using insect cadavers (G. mellonella and T. molitor), revealed that the nematodes of the first genus, applied in cadavers of G. mellonella, were most virulent, resulting in control efficacy of 99.9% [42] . In a study conducted under semi-natural conditions (Stapf.)…”
Section: Applicationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other studies developed by a group in the Embrapa Gado de Leite research unit, coordinated by the researchers Dr. John Furlong and Dr. Márcia Cristina de Azevedo Prata, has brought significant advances in the attempt to validate a method for biological control of the cattle tick R. microplus [38] . The set of experiments in the laboratory and semi-natural conditions indicated that, to date, H. bacteriophora HP88 is the most promising strain [42] . Furthermore, they demonstrated that application of the EPNs in the soil using the insect-cadaver technique, targeting the engorged female of R. microplus in the non-parasite phase, was more effective than applying suspensions containing EPNs on tick-infested cattle [38] .…”
Section: Successful Use Of Entomopathogenic Nematodes In Brazilmentioning
HIGHLIGHTS• Lauro Travassos in 1927 created genus Steinernema.• Two new species of entomopathogenic nematodes were described.• Studies on ecology, biology, production, formulation and application of native species have been carried out since 2000.
ABSTRACT:In Brazil, the first study with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) was conducted by Lauro Travassos in 1927, when he created the genus Steineria, that latter was changed to Steinernema. After important meetings and courses, there was a great development of EPNs research in various states by different research groups in Brazil. Many EPN species were isolated throughout the country and two new species described: Heterorhabditis amazonensis and Steinernema brazilense. The behavioral aspects, life cycle and pathogenicity of native EPNs were analyzed. Also their persistence and survival in the soil and the biotic and abiotic factors that may affect their efficiency as biocontrol agents. Due to the particular native species characteristics, production, formulation and application technologies were developed for them. Here in we summarize main Brazilians studies in different areas using EPNs. This is the first review on the subject in Brazil.Keywords: biology, ecology, behavior, production, formulation.Cite as Dolinski C, Monteiro C, Andaló V, Leite LG. Studies on entomopathogenic nematodes in Brazil: past and future. Nematoda. 2017;4:e102017. http://dx
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