Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract

Safitri A, Herlinda S, Setiawan A. 2018. Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2365-2373. Ecosystems of lowlands and highlands in South Sumatra have specific characteristics of soils and vegetations that can affect the availability of entomopathogenic fungi. This study aimed to explore and identify species and to determine inoculum potentials of the entomopathogenic fungi from soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands. Baiting of entomopathogenic fungi on soil samples used the larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The entomopathogenic fungi species found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The number of the fungal isolates were 30 isolates consisting of nine isolates of B. bassiana and 21 isolates of M. anisopliae.The highest number of isolates was found in the highland ecosystem (11 isolates) and the lowest was found in peatland ecosystem (4 isolates). The highest percentage average of inoculum potentials of the fungi was found in the high land ecosystem (4.04%) and the lowest one was found in freshwater swamps ecosystem (2.11%). Based on the vegetation type, the soil planted with mustard in Talang Patai-Pagaralam (highland ecosystem) had the highest inoculum potentials (9.33%). These fungi will make an important contribution to the biological control for insect pests in lowland to highland ecosystems in Indonesia.

New emerging entomopathogenic fungi isolated from soil in South Sumatra (Indonesia) and their filtrate and conidial insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura

“…B. bassiana had a colony that was white but when it got older it was yellowish or turbid white and B. bassiana colonized SDA faster than the other three species. Conidia of B. bassiana was one-celled and the same circular shape as the observation of Safitri et al (2018). M. anisopliae had a colony that was also white initially similar to B. bassiana colony but the older the fungus the colony turned greenishwhite and finally dark green.…”

“…The EPF exploration was carried out on soil near root of oil palm, rice, maize, and vegetables in various locations (Table 1) ranging from lowland to highland of South Sumatra using the method of Safitri et al (2018). Those locations chosen have objective to obtain the fungi that had adapted in the soils.…”

“…Four isolates of EPF have been isolated from rhizosphere of several kinds of plants in lowland to high land of South Sumatra. On the basis of morphological characters, the two isolates have been identified as B. bassiana and M. anisopliae (Safitri et al 2018;Sumikarsih et al 2019;Gustianingtyas et al 2020), and their filtrates were proven to be effectively killed up to 98% of S. litura larvae (Ayudya et al 2019;Gustianingtyas et al 2020). The other two EPF, until now, have not been fully revealed on molecular identity and their filtrate and conidial capability to cause mortality on S. litura.…”

Effect of Application of UV Irradiated Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on Larval Weight and Mortality of Spodoptera litura

“…The average temperature during the bioassay was 29.78ºC and relative humidity was 82.72%. The isolates used in this study were explored by Safitri et al (2018), namely B. bassiana with BSwTd2 code obtained from oil palm peat soil in Talang Dabok and M. anisopliae coded MKbTp2 obtained from the highland cabbage soil in Talang Patai. Each isolate was treated with UV C irradiation with wavelengths ranged from 200-280 nm.…”

“…The effectiveness of culture filtrate is influenced by many environmental factors, hence further study needs to be conducted. The previous studies showed that light and sunlight, temperature, and humidity can affect the effectiveness of the fungi filtrate [15,16].…”