Entomopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of the ecto-parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, and their effect on the immune response of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Hamiduzzaman, Mollah Md.; Sinia, Alice; Guzmán-Novoa, Ernesto; Goodwin, Paul H.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2012.09.001

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…destructor , groups of 15 newly-capped brood cells from combs of either a LMP or HMP colony were opened by cutting a thin slit approximately 2 mm long using a sterile blade, and then a single mite was transferred into each cell using a fine paintbrush [22]. The slit was resealed by lightly brushing it with liquid beeswax.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Virus Infections in Varroa destructor-Infested and Uninfested Brood and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) of a Low Mite Population Growth Colony Compared to a High Mite Population Growth Colony

2015

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A comparison was made of the prevalence and relative quantification of deformed wing virus (DWV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), black queen cell virus (BQCV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and sac brood virus (SBV) in brood and adult honey bees (Apis mellifera) from colonies selected for high (HMP) and low (LMP) Varroa destructor mite population growth. Two viruses, ABPV and SBV, were never detected. For adults without mite infestation, DWV, IAPV, BQCV and KBV were detected in the HMP colony; however, only BQCV was detected in the LMP colony but at similar levels as in the HMP colony. With mite infestation, the four viruses were detected in adults of the HMP colony but all at higher amounts than in the LMP colony. For brood without mite infestation, DWV and IAPV were detected in the HMP colony, but no viruses were detected in the LMP colony. With mite infestation of brood, the four viruses were detected in the HMP colony, but only DWV and IAPV were detected and at lower amounts in the LMP colony. An epidemiological explanation for these results is that pre-experiment differences in virus presence and levels existed between the HMP and LMP colonies. It is also possible that low V. destructor population growth in the LMP colony resulted in the bees being less exposed to the mite and thus less likely to have virus infections. LMP and HMP bees may have also differed in susceptibility to virus infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Virus Infections in Varroa destructor-Infested and Uninfested Brood and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) of a Low Mite Population Growth Colony Compared to a High Mite Population Growth Colony

2015

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“…The genes chosen were defensin-1 ( AmDef-1 ), hymenoptaecin ( AmHym ), poly U binding factor 68 kDa ( AmPuf68 ) and vitellogenin ( AmVit2 ) as each has been shown to be down-regulated by V . destructor parasitism of adults [13, 16–18]. In addition, AmDef-1 , AmHym , AmPuf68 and AmVit2 were chosen because they are linked to different aspects of honey bee stress responses, specifically the Toll immune pathway, Imd immune pathway, epithelium wound response and overall honey bee health, respectively [19–21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Varroa destructor, Wounding and Varroa Homogenate on Gene Expression in Brood and Adult Honey Bees

et al. 2017

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Honey bee (Apis mellifera) gene expression related to immunity for hymenoptaecin (AmHym) and defensin-1 (AmDef-1), longevity for vitellogenin (AmVit2) and stem cell proliferation for poly U binding factor 68 kDa (AmPuf68) was compared following Varroa destructor parasitism, buffer injection and injection of V. destructor compounds in its homogenate. In adults, V. destructor parasitism decreased expression of all four genes, while buffer injection decreased expression of AmHym, AmPuf68 and AmVit2, and homogenate injection decreased expression of AmPuf68 and AmVit2 but increased expression of AmDef-1 relative to their respective controls. The effect of V. destructor parasitism in adults relative to the controls was not significantly different from buffer injection for AmHym and AmVit2 expression, and it was not significantly different from homogenate injection for AmPuf68 and AmVit2. In brood, V. destructor parasitism, buffer injection and homogenate injection decreased AmVit2 expression, whereas AmHym expression was decreased by V. destructor parasitism but increased by buffer and homogenate injection relative to the controls. The effect of varroa parasitism in brood was not significantly different from buffer or homogenate injection for AmPuf68 and AmVit2. Expression levels of the four genes did not correlate with detectable viral levels in either brood or adults. The results of this study indicate that the relative effects of V. destructor parasitism on honey bee gene expression are also shared with other types of stresses. Therefore, some of the effects of V. destructor on honey bees may be mostly due to wounding and injection of foreign compounds into the hemolymph of the bee during parasitism. Although both brood and adults are naturally parasitized by V. destructor, their gene expression responded differently, probably the result of different mechanisms of host responses during development.

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Section: Varroa Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, several searches for entomopathogenic fungi have identified strains of Metarhizium anisopliae , Beauveria bassiana , and Clonostachys rosea that kill Varroa mites, thereby causing mite drops and decreased mite reproduction (Hamiduzzaman et al 2012;Meikle et al 2012;Pirali-Kheirabadi et al 2013). These fungi also infect the bees, thereby triggering strong immune responses that seem to counteract the Varroa -induced immunosuppression (Hamiduzzaman et al 2012). Some Honey bee-Varroa mite semiochemical interactions challenges of entomopathogenic fungi include the formulation of fungal conidia preparations, the formation of potentially harmful mycotoxins upon fungal infection, and the mixed effects of bees (Meikle et al 2012).…”

Section: Varroa Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical ecology of host-parasite interaction as a target of Varroa destructor control agents

et al. 2016

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-Honey bees and their ectoparasite Varroa destructor communicate through chemical signals among themselves, but they also eavesdrop on each other's chemical cues. We summarize semiochemicals of honey bees and Varroa , and their roles in honey bee-Varroa interactions. We also give an overview of current Varroa control methods, which can be classified into three categories: (1) chemical control methods with acaricides, (2) biotechnical intervention, and (3) bee breeding programs. Widely used synthetic chemical acaricides are failing due to the emergence of resistant mites. Therefore, new methods are being sought for Varroa control, and methods that target the semiochemical interactions between bees and mites are among the candidates. We review our discovery of compounds that alter the host choice of Varroa mites (from nurse to forager) in laboratory tests. Any semiochemicalbased methods are still in the experimental stage and need validation in the field.Apis mellifera / Varroa destructor / mite control / chemical senses / semiochemical

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Entomopathogenic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of the ecto-parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, and their effect on the immune response of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Cited by 62 publications

References 43 publications

Lower Virus Infections in Varroa destructor-Infested and Uninfested Brood and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) of a Low Mite Population Growth Colony Compared to a High Mite Population Growth Colony

Lower Virus Infections in Varroa destructor-Infested and Uninfested Brood and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) of a Low Mite Population Growth Colony Compared to a High Mite Population Growth Colony

Effect of Varroa destructor, Wounding and Varroa Homogenate on Gene Expression in Brood and Adult Honey Bees

The chemical ecology of host-parasite interaction as a target of Varroa destructor control agents

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