Entire-Structure-Oriented Work-Energy Theorem (ES-WET)-Based Characteristic Mode Theory for Material Scattering Objects

Lian, Renzun; Guo, Xing-Yue; Xia, Mingyao

doi:10.1109/tap.2022.3145450

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…One point worthy to mention here is that the lossy PDMS substrate is applied in the structure, and the universal explanation for eigenvalues proposed in ref. [4] should be adopted. The research of other scholars has shown that, by replacing the ordinary integral equations with the mixed potential integral equations, the CMT for multilayered structures and the lossy objects is similar to metal structures, and the form and mode parameter meaning of the obtained characteristic equations are similar as that of metals [30].…”

Section: Parametric Study Guided By Cmtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in ref. [4], the authors completed the theory by introducing new methods and analytical models, and the refined theory successfully explains why the modal far fields of lossy scatterers are usually not orthogonal and the conventional CMT fails to analyse some classical transmitting antennas. Based on these theoretical achievements, the CMT can now guide almost any antenna design and has played an important role in the applications of size minimalisation, band broadening, and high gain performance etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and verification of a dual‐band wearable antenna based on characteristic mode theory

Liu

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

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In this article, a novel design method is proposed based on characteristic mode theory (CMT). Based on the proposed method, a linearly polarised dual‐band wearable antenna with double‐layered substrates sandwiched by three layers of copper circle patches is designed and optimised step by step. The structure and excitation position of the antenna are obtained by progressively tailoring a classical circle patch antenna. Firstly, the characteristic mode analysis is performed on the middle‐layer planar circle patch to find the modes that can be excited in the designed frequency band. Secondly, the configuration of the middle layer is adjusted step by step based on the modal current distributions to realise the mode shift. Then, the top circle patch is changed to a metasurface to increase the number of modes and expand the mode bandwidth. Finally, the location of the excitation port is selected based on the modal electric fields to successfully obtain the desired performance of the antenna. The prototype of the proposed antenna with a radius of 2.6 cm fed by a single probe is fabricated and experimentally verified. The antenna operates in the 2.45 and 5 GHz bands, and the measured 10 dB impedance bandwidths on the two bands are 1.2% and 39.7%, respectively, which agrees well with the expectation predicted by the CMT. It should be noted that the desired antenna performance is achieved by step‐by‐step derivation using the CMT, rather than applying the theory to illustrate the working principle of antennas. The proposed design method can be broadly employed to various antenna designs.

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Section: Parametric Study Guided By Cmtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and verification of a dual‐band wearable antenna based on characteristic mode theory

Liu

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

IET Microwaves Antenna & Prop

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Then, what boundary condition do these spurious modes satisfy? There exist problems (B), (C) and (D), as displayed in Figure 1, all of which can obtain a GEE similar to (19) if following the conventional way, as discussed below.…”

Section: Traditional Theory For Four Physical Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adding these two equations, one obtains the same PMCHWT equation as (17), and then the same GEE as (19), but the boundary condition (BC) needing to meet is (21), not (15).…”

Section: Traditional Theory For Four Physical Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on Characteristic Mode Equations of Radiation Problems Contrasted with Scattering Problems for Dielectric Bodies

et al. 2023

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This paper is concerned with the extractions of electromagnetic characteristic modes (CMs) for lossless dielectric bodies, for which spurious modes are prone to generate using the traditional definition of CMs based on the Poggio–Miller–Chang–Harrington–Wu–Tsai (PMCHWT) equations. It is found that the impedance matrix of PMCHWT equations cannot distinguish (i) which domain is the dielectric body and which domain is the background and (ii) from which domain the excitation source was applied. If the system is taken as a scattering problem, the spurious modes are solutions to a reverse media problem, i.e., exchanging the media of the dielectric body and the background space. However, if the system is taken as a radiation problem, no appropriate CMs that meet the specified boundary conditions are obtained. These phenomena indicate that CMs developed from scattering systems are not suitable for radiation systems. To clarify the issue, four cases with reverse media and with excitation sources in either domain are examined. The four cases are distinct in essence, but the PMCHWT equations cannot distinguish them. As a result, definitions of CMs for the four cases should be given along with their specific boundary conditions. Especially, the CMs for the radiation problems we consider here show that the excitation source inside the material object should be properly defined in order to be distinguished from scattering problems.

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Equivalence between Work-Energy Theorem (WET) and Poynting’s Theorem (PT)

Lian

Zhang

et al. 2022

2022 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium (ACES-China)

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Entire-Structure-Oriented Work-Energy Theorem (ES-WET)-Based Characteristic Mode Theory for Material Scattering Objects

Cited by 27 publications

References 54 publications

Design and verification of a dual‐band wearable antenna based on characteristic mode theory

Design and verification of a dual‐band wearable antenna based on characteristic mode theory

A Study on Characteristic Mode Equations of Radiation Problems Contrasted with Scattering Problems for Dielectric Bodies

Equivalence between Work-Energy Theorem (WET) and Poynting’s Theorem (PT)

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