Enterovirus

Yates, Marylynn V.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415846-7.00025-1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 86 publications

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“…Uptake directly from water was not observed for the two viruses used in the study presented here, which may be due to the size, shape, and structure of the viral particles used. E11 is spherical with a diameter of 25–30 nm, and T4 contains an icosahedral head of 47 nm and a 142 nm long tail …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Transfer and Inactivation through Zooplankton Trophic Interactions

Ismail

Olive

Fernández-Cassi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Waterborne viruses are responsible for numerous diseases and are abundant in aquatic systems. Understanding the fate of viruses in natural systems has important implications for human health. This research quantifies the uptake of the bacteriophage T4 and the enteric virus echovirus 11 when exposed to the filter feeders Tetrahymena pyriformis and Daphnia magna, and also examines the potential of viral transfer due to trophic interactions. Experiments co-incubating each species with the viruses over 72–96 h showed up to a 4 log virus removal for T. pyriformis, while direct viral uptake by D. magna was not observed. However, viral uptake by D. magna occurred indirectly by viral transfer from prey to predator, through D. magna feeding on virus-loaded T. pyriformis. This prey–predator interaction resulted in a 1 log additional virus removal compared to removal by T. pyriformis alone. Incomplete viral inactivation by D. magna was observed through recovery of infective viruses from the daphnid tissue. This research furthers our understanding of the impacts of zooplankton filter feeding on viral inactivation and shows the potential for viral transfer through the food chain. The viral–zooplankton interactions observed in these studies indicate that zooplankton may improve water quality through viral uptake or may serve as vectors for infection by accumulating viruses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Transfer and Inactivation through Zooplankton Trophic Interactions

Ismail

Olive

Fernández-Cassi

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Syntheses and Applications of Nanomaterials-Based Photocatalysts for Air Purification

Haliq

Tarigan

Aprilio

et al. 2022

Photocatalytic Activities for Environmental Remediation and Energy Conversion

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Source identification of bacterial and viral pathogens and their survival/fading in the process of wastewater treatment, reclamation, and environmental reuse

Zhou

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2014

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Pathogenic safety is drawing wide concern in water reclamation and reuse. In order to elucidate survive/fade of pathogens during the processes of wastewater treatment and reclamation, general indicators (fecal coliform and Escherichia coli), pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella and Shigella) and viruses (enterovirus, rotavirus and norovirus) were investigated in an A(2)O-MBR system. Attention was paid to their strengths from different sources, at various stages of the treatment, and in the product water. According to findings, black water was the main source for pathogens-at least 1-2-log higher in concentration than those from other sources. The preliminary treatment of wastewater by fine screens could bring about 0.2-0.4-log removal for almost all pathogens. The biological treatment units achieved almost identical removal (1.3-1.7-log) for bacteria and viruses. However, subsequent treatment in the membrane bioreactor showed varied removal for fecal coliform (4.7-log), E. coli (2.6-log) and the other pathogens (0.7-1.0-log), indicating that a high reduction of indicator bacteria may not imply equivalent removal of bacterial and viral pathogens. Chlorination was proved to be effective for eliminating all pathogens. In the artificial lake where the product water was stored, fecal coliform was not detected during the study period, but E. coli and pathogens were frequently detected, indicating that these bacterial and viral pathogens may be originating from non-fecal sources. On sunny summer days, the lake water could be bacteria-free due to sunlight radiation, but viruses were still detectable. Therefore, secondary disinfection may have to be adopted when the reclaimed water stored in such an open reservoir is supplied for strict reuse purposes.

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Enterovirus

Cited by 4 publications

References 86 publications

Viral Transfer and Inactivation through Zooplankton Trophic Interactions

Viral Transfer and Inactivation through Zooplankton Trophic Interactions

Syntheses and Applications of Nanomaterials-Based Photocatalysts for Air Purification

Source identification of bacterial and viral pathogens and their survival/fading in the process of wastewater treatment, reclamation, and environmental reuse

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