Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Human Infection: In Vivo Evolution of a Bacterial Pathogen

Mellmann, Alexander; Bielaszewska, Martina; Zimmerhackl, Lothar Bernd; Prager, Rita; Harmsen, Dag; Tschäpe, Helmut; Karch, Helge

doi:10.1086/432722

Cited by 112 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…One can suggest that these differences may probably be due to the presence or the absence of the stx bacteriophage. The lack of a bacteriophage that originated a distinct PFGE pattern was reported by other investigators in O26 and O157:H7 STEC strains (25,28). Similarly to serogroup O111, PFGE patterns clearly classified Brazilian O157 strains in two main groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Genetic Heterogeneity of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1976 through 2003, as Revealed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

et al. 2006

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The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of 46 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, during the period from 1976 to 2003 were compared with those found among 30 non-STEC strains that carried eae and that belonged to the same serogroups as the STEC strains. All except two of the STEC and non-STEC strains of human origin were from sporadic and unrelated cases of infection; two O111 strains originated from the same patient. Multiple PFGE patterns were found among STEC strains of distinct serotypes. Moreover, the PFGE restriction patterns of STEC strains differed substantially from those observed among non-STEC strains of the same serogroup except serotype O26 strains. Based on the indistinguishable PFGE pattern for two O157:H7 STEC strains isolated in the same geographic area at an interval of approximately 15 days and toxin profile data, the first occurrence of an O157:H7 outbreak in Brazil during that period can be suggested. In general, a close relationship between types of intimin, serotypes, and diarrheagenic groups of E. coli was observed. This is the first time that a large collection of STEC strains from Brazil has been analyzed, and a great genetic diversity was shown among O157:H7 and non-O157:H7 STEC strains isolated in São Paulo, Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Genetic Heterogeneity of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1976 through 2003, as Revealed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

et al. 2006

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“…The absence of stx-negative/eae-positive E. coli O111 isolates in the HUS patients may be explained by the fact that a majority of the EHEC O111 isolates possessed stx 1 solely or in combination with stx 2 (13), and the Stx1 prophage of EHEC O111 is thought to be defective, resulting in immobilization and stability in the EHEC chromosome (41). In contrast to a previous investigation (39) subcultures. Ten O111 colonies (1 to 10) isolated from a stool specimen were picked, and each colony was spread on a TSA plate (A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Several reports have identified EHEC-associated HUS cases that no longer shed EHEC but do shed stx-negative EHEC organisms that presumably lost stx during infection (18,(37)(38)(39). Stx is the most important EHEC virulence factor, causing the specific clinical features of EHEC infection (1-4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O111 and O157 Strains Isolated from Outbreak Patients in Japan

et al. 2014

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In April and May 2011, there was a serious food-poisoning outbreak in Japan caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) strains O111:H8 and O157:H7 from raw beef dishes at branches of a barbecue restaurant. This outbreak involved 181 infected patients, including 34 hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) cases (19%). Among the 34 HUS patients, 21 developed acute encephalopathy (AE) and 5 died. Patient stool specimens yielded E. coli O111 and O157 strains. We also detected both EHEC O111 stx 2 and stx-negative E. coli O111 strains in a stock of meat block from the restaurant. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) showed that the stx-negative E. coli O111 isolates were closely related to EHEC O111 stx 2 isolates. Although the EHEC O157 strains had diverse stx gene profiles (stx 1 , stx 2 , and stx 1 stx 2 ), the PFGE and MLVA analyses indicated that these isolates originated from a single clone. Deletion of the Stx2-converting prophage from the EHEC O111 stx 2 isolates was frequently observed during in vitro growth, suggesting that strain conversion from an EHEC O111 stx 2 to an stx-negative strain may have occurred during infection.

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“…This was similar to the findings of Kozub-Witkowski et al [35], who molecularly identified eight strains that belonged to classical EHEC serotypes and were stx genes negative. This is not surprising, as there is still a possibility that these strains might acquire stx genes by horizontal transfer with a subsequent disease burden to humans [36], or they may have originated as EHEC strains and then lost phage-encoded stx genes [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of phenotypes, virulence genes and phylotypes of avian pathogenic and human diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Egypt

Ramadan

Awad

Ateya

2016

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: The purpose from this study was to determine phenotypes, intestinal virulence-associated genes, and phylotypic profiling of human diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Methodology: A total of 108 chicken visceral organs (liver, spleen, heart) from 36 diseased birds (three organs per each bird) and 78 human stool samples (50 diarrheic patients and 28 healthy persons) were randomly collected during the first half of 2015 in the district of Mansoura city, Egypt. Conventional culturing, serotyping, and molecular characterization of virulence genes and phylogroups were performed. Results: Sixty-five (35%) biochemically identified E. coli isolates were detected from chicken visceral (29/108; 26.9%) and human stool samples (36/78; 46.2%). Serotypes O78, O2, and O1 were the most prevalent serotypes (62%) distinguished from APEC isolates, and only two similar serotypes (O119:H4 and O26:H11) were identified from both APEC and DEC isolates. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the respective percentages of 100 and 35 with eae and Shiga toxin genes were detected from APEC isolates while 50%, 27.8%, and 19.4% of human DEC isolates harbored eae, stx1, and stx2 genes, respectively. Phylogrouping revealed a significantly higher occurrence of pathogenic phylogroups (D and B2) in APEC (19/29; 65.5%) than in human DEC isolates (8/36; 22.2%). Conclusions: APEC isolates shared serotypes, virulence genes, and phylotypes with human DEC isolates, which is a subsequent potential public health concern. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in Egypt that determines virulence gene and phylogroup coexistence between APEC and DEC isolates.

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Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli in Human Infection: In Vivo Evolution of a Bacterial Pathogen

Cited by 112 publications

References 49 publications

Genetic Heterogeneity of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1976 through 2003, as Revealed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

Genetic Heterogeneity of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in São Paulo, Brazil, from 1976 through 2003, as Revealed by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis

Characterization of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O111 and O157 Strains Isolated from Outbreak Patients in Japan

Detection of phenotypes, virulence genes and phylotypes of avian pathogenic and human diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Egypt

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