Enteric Virome and Bacterial Microbiota in Children With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn Disease

Fernandes, Melissa; Verstraete, Sofia G.; Phan, Tung Gia; Deng, Xutao; Stekol, Emily; LaMere, Brandon; Lynch, Susan V.; Heyman, Melvin B.; Delwart, Eric

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000002140

Cited by 88 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition, Fernandes et al revealed how minor patterns and differences in gut virome may be used to differentiate pediatric patients with IBD from healthy controls. In this study, most pronounced changes have been observed in the relative abundance of Caudovirales order of phages, with a substantially lower number of strains in the Microviridae family in patients with CD compared to healthy controls [89]. Similarly, the expansion of the Caudovirales was observed in another study, together with decrease in richness and diversity in patients with UC [90].…”

Section: Human Viromesupporting

confidence: 63%

Gut Microbiota beyond Bacteria—Mycobiome, Virome, Archaeome, and Eukaryotic Parasites in IBD

Matijašić

Meštrović

Paljetak

et al. 2020

IJMS

157

110

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The human microbiota is a diverse microbial ecosystem associated with many beneficial physiological functions as well as numerous disease etiologies. Dominated by bacteria, the microbiota also includes commensal populations of fungi, viruses, archaea, and protists. Unlike bacterial microbiota, which was extensively studied in the past two decades, these non-bacterial microorganisms, their functional roles, and their interaction with one another or with host immune system have not been as widely explored. This review covers the recent findings on the non-bacterial communities of the human gastrointestinal microbiota and their involvement in health and disease, with particular focus on the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease.

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Section: Human Viromesupporting

confidence: 63%

Gut Microbiota beyond Bacteria—Mycobiome, Virome, Archaeome, and Eukaryotic Parasites in IBD

Matijašić

Meštrović

Paljetak

et al. 2020

IJMS

157

110

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“…The characteristics of the fungal community change with the growth of Candida spp . Moreover, the abundance of viruses (bacteriophages) differs between patients with IBD and the control groups . These findings provide a novel concept and direction for understanding the pathogenesis of UC and modulating its treatment for UC in the future.…”

Section: Ecological Imbalance Of Intestinal Flora In Ucmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

Guo

Liu

Hao

2020

J of Digest Diseases

147

110

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Gut microbiota constitute the largest reservoir of the human microbiome and are an abundant and stable ecosystem—based on its diversity, complexity, redundancy, and host interactions This ecosystem is indispensable for human development and health. The integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier depends on its interactions with gut microbiota. The commensal bacterial community is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC). The dysbiosis of microbes is characterized by reduced biodiversity, abnormal composition of gut microbiota, altered spatial distribution, as well as interactions among microbiota, between different strains of microbiota, and with the host. The defects in microecology, with the related metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms, play a critical role in the innate immunity of the intestinal mucosa in UC. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used to treat many diseases related to gut microbiota, with the most promising outcome reported in antibiotic‐associated diarrhea, followed by IBD. This review evaluated the results of various reports of FMT in UC. The efficacy of FMT remains highly controversial, and needs to be regularized by integrated management, standardization of procedures, and individualization of treatment.

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“…The gut virome is mainly dominated by bacteriophages (phages) and prophages 19,20 and plays an essential role regulating microbial ecosystem and host physiology 21 through multiple interactions and co-evolution with the co-occurring bacteriome, including horizontal gene transfer 22 , and the human immune system 23 . In this form, trans-kingdom microbiota interactions between phages, bacteria, and hosts can increase the human phenotype's risk of disease [24][25][26][27] . Disease-specific changes of the gut virome and phageome has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease 26,28 ,AIDS 29 , diabetes 30 , and malnutrition 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Phageome Analysis Reveals Disease-Specific Hallmarks in Childhood Obesity

Bikel

López-Leal

Cornejo‐Granados

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Changes in the composition of the human gut microbiome are recognized to have a significant association with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Mexico leads worldwide childhood-obesity rankings representing an epidemic problem for public health. To this date, it is still unclear how the gut phageome, the bacteriophage component of the virome, influences childhood obesity and obesity with metabolic syndrome. We characterized the gut phageome of 28 school-age children with healthy normal-weight (NW), obese (O), and obese with metabolic syndrome (OMS) profiles, using metagenomic sequencing of virus-like particles (VLPs) from fecal samples. Viromes derived from VLPs were mainly dominated by Caudovirales, and only Inoviridae family was significantly increased in obesity. The three groups showed a similar number of VLPs, while a significant increase in phage richness and diversity was found in obesity groups compared NW. Few phage contigs dominated the phageome composition in NW, being increased in obesity groups. Interestingly, the majority of the phageome was shared among all individuals, establishing a core and common phageome, which abundances correlated with anthropometric and biochemical traits and bacteria previously associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. We also established a healthy core phageome shared in >80% of NW samples, with a decreased prevalence in the O and OMS groups. Our data support that changes in the gut phageome may contribute to obesity and metabolic syndrome development via bacterial dysbiosis. We consider the phageome characterization provides the basis for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for managing obesity and preventing metabolic syndrome development in obese children through potential phage manipulation. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the most in-depth sequenced dataset of human bacteriophages, demonstrating for the first time that alterations of the gut phageome characterize obesity.

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Enteric Virome and Bacterial Microbiota in Children With Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn Disease

Abstract: Minor patterns in gut virome and bacterial community composition distinguish pediatric IBD patients from healthy controls. Probiotics are associated with bacterial microbiota composition. These exploratory results need confirmation in larger studies.

Cited by 88 publications

References 22 publications

Gut Microbiota beyond Bacteria—Mycobiome, Virome, Archaeome, and Eukaryotic Parasites in IBD

Gut Microbiota beyond Bacteria—Mycobiome, Virome, Archaeome, and Eukaryotic Parasites in IBD

Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment

Gut Phageome Analysis Reveals Disease-Specific Hallmarks in Childhood Obesity

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