Enteric methane research and mitigation strategies for pastoral-based beef cattle production systems

Kelly, A. K.; Kenny, David A.; Waters, Sinéad M.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.958340

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 229 publications

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“…Furthermore, cattle serve as a reservoir for pathogens with implications for human health [12]. Understanding host-pathogen interactions for these zoonotic enteric pathogens requires consideration of the specifc gut segments they inhabit [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Bovine-Derived Small and Large Intestinal Organoids: In Vitro Development and Maintenance

Kawasaki,

Dykstra,

McConnel

et al. 2023

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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Recent progress in bovine intestinal organoid research has expanded opportunities for creating improved in vitro models to study intestinal physiology and pathology. However, the establishment of a culture condition capable of generating organoids from all segments of the cattle intestine has remained elusive. Although previous research has described the development of bovine jejunal, ileal, and colonic organoids, this study marks the first report of successful bovine duodenal and rectal organoid development. Maintenance of these organoids through serial passages and cryopreservation was achieved, with higher success rates observed in large intestinal organoids compared to their small intestinal counterparts. A novel approach involving the use of biopsy forceps during initial tissue sampling streamlined the subsequent tissue processing, simplifying the procedure compared to previously established protocols in cattle. In addition, our study introduced a more cost-effective culture medium based on advanced DMEM/F12, diverging from frequently used commercially available organoid culture media. This enhancement improves the accessibility to organoid technology by reducing culture costs. Crucially, the derived organoids from the jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum faithfully preserved the structural, cellular, and genetic characteristics of the in vivo intestinal tissue. This research underscores the significant potential of adult bovine intestinal organoids as a physiologically and morphologically relevant in vitro model. Such organoids provide a renewable and sustainable resource for a broad spectrum of studies, encompassing investigations into normal intestinal physiology in cattle and the intricate host-pathogen interactions of clinically and economically significant enteric pathogens.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult Bovine-Derived Small and Large Intestinal Organoids: In Vitro Development and Maintenance

Kawasaki,

Dykstra,

McConnel

et al. 2023

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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“…This can also justify why the CH 4 production was signi cantly higher (p < 0.05) for commercial feed than T2 and T3. According to (Smith et al, 2022) feeds that are higher in digestibility and ME will produce more CH 4 .…”

Section: In Vitro Ruminal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

Daniella,

Hughes,

Jones

2023

Preprint

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The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro digestibility and gas production of agro-industrial by-products fed to sheep. This was done to determine the effectiveness of agro by-products as alternative feedstuff for sheep to reduce the importation of foreign feed ingredients. Two alternative feeds were formulated using the following by products: cocoa hulls and shells (CHS), coconut seed meal (CSM), powdered bean (PB), Moruga Hill rice bran (RB), Moruga Hill rice hulls (RH), corn stover (CS) and seaweed. In vitro gas production was measured for all three feeds treatments for a total of 72h. The three feed treatments consisted of a formulated sheep and goat ration from a local feed mill (T1) and two pelleted feeds prepared using alternative feed ingredients that were mentioned above (T2 and T3). Chemical composition of the commercial feed (T1) had higher crude protein content (CP) than the alternative feeds. However, dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, NDF, ADF and ADL were higher in the alternative feeds. In vitro, ruminal fermentation kinetics results showed that gas production from the immediately soluble fraction (a) was significantly different (p < 0.05) for the T1 as compared to T2 and T3. Potential degradability (PD) also showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the feed treatments. Fermentation parameters showed that there was a significant difference for metabolizable energy (ME) for all tree feeds (p < 0.05), organic matter degradability and methane (CH4) production was significantly different (p < 0.05) for the commercial feed (T1) compared to the alternative feeds (T2, T3). The agricultural by product feeds had slower degradability in comparison to the conventional feeds. However, the alterative feeds had less gas and methane production in comparison to the conventional feeds. Thus, the agricultural by product feeds can be utilized as an alternative to feed sheep due to its low gas and methane production. Therefore, these by-product feeds can be a suitable alternative for sustainable sheep production in the tropics.

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“…To reduce methane emission in ruminants, microbiome-based precision feed has been proposed as a promising strategy (Huws et al, 2018 ; Goopy, 2019 ; Smith et al, 2022 ). Microbiome-based precision feed involves optimizing animal feed to modulate rumen microbiome compositions and functions to inhibit methanogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling microbial biomarkers of ruminant methane emission through machine learning

Peng,

May,

Abeel

2023

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundEnteric methane from cow burps, which results from microbial fermentation of high-fiber feed in the rumen, is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. A promising strategy to address this problem is microbiome-based precision feed, which involves identifying key microorganisms for methane production. While machine learning algorithms have shown success in associating human gut microbiome with various human diseases, there have been limited efforts to employ these algorithms to establish microbial biomarkers for methane emissions in ruminants.MethodsIn this study, we aim to identify potential methane biomarkers for methane emission from ruminants by employing regression algorithms commonly used in human microbiome studies, coupled with different feature selection methods. To achieve this, we analyzed the microbiome compositions and identified possible confounding metadata variables in two large public datasets of Holstein cows. Using both the microbiome features and identified metadata variables, we trained different regressors to predict methane emission. With the optimized models, permutation tests were used to determine feature importance to find informative microbial features.ResultsAmong the regression algorithms tested, random forest regression outperformed others and allowed the identification of several crucial microbial taxa for methane emission as members of the native rumen microbiome, including the genera Piromyces, Succinivibrionaceae UCG-002, and Acetobacter. Additionally, our results revealed that certain herd locations and feed composition markers, such as the lipid intake and neutral-detergent fiber intake, are also predictive features for methane emissions.ConclusionWe demonstrated that machine learning, particularly regression algorithms, can effectively predict cow methane emissions and identify relevant rumen microorganisms. Our findings offer valuable insights for the development of microbiome-based precision feed strategies aiming at reducing methane emissions.

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Enteric methane research and mitigation strategies for pastoral-based beef cattle production systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 229 publications

Adult Bovine-Derived Small and Large Intestinal Organoids: In Vitro Development and Maintenance

Adult Bovine-Derived Small and Large Intestinal Organoids: In Vitro Development and Maintenance

In Vitro Digestibility and Fermentation Kinetics of Agricultural By-product used as feed for Sheep in Trinidad, West Indies

Unveiling microbial biomarkers of ruminant methane emission through machine learning

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