Enteric Methane Emission from Pigs

Jørgensen, Henry; Theil, Peter Kappel; Knudsen, Knud Erik Bach

doi:10.5772/24377

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Sin embargo, aún son escasos los estudios al respecto. Los altos niveles de grasa o aceite en la dieta pueden limitar la disponibilidad de sustratos fermentables a la microflora intestinal (Jørgensen et al, 2011;Patridge y Gill, 2001). Estos elevados niveles de grasa también podrían inhibir la microflora responsable de la emisión de NH 3 (Leek et al, 2004), y la producción de CH 4 (Christensen y Thorberck, 1987).…”

Section: Estrategias De Alimentación De Cerdos Para Reducir Las Emisiunclassified

Differential mRNA Expression in Rabbit In vivo Pre‐implantatory Embryos

Saenz-de-Juano¹,

Peñaranda²,

Marco‐Jiménez³

et al. 2010

Reprod Domestic Animals

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PhD ThesisAnálisis de los factores que influyen en las emisiones de amoniaco y metano de purines porcinos: composición del purín y factores nutricionales El aumento del conocimiento depende por completo de la existencia del desacuerdo. Karl PopperEl planeta puede vivir sin nosotros. Pero nosotros no podemos vivir sin planeta. Anónimo ResumenLa presente Tesis Doctoral está enfocada a la caracterización de las emisiones potenciales de amoniaco (NH 3 ) y metano (CH 4 ) a partir de purines porcinos. En concreto, estudia la relación entre el consumo y la excreción de nutrientes, la composición de los purines y las emisiones potenciales de NH 3 y CH 4 y el valor agrícola potencial de los purines. Además, evalúa las metodologías de medición de las emisiones potenciales de NH 3 y CH 4 in vitro y propone estrategias para su optimización.Los objetivos de la presente Tesis Doctoral son: i) Caracterizar la composición, el potencial de emisión de NH 3 y CH 4 y el valor agrícola potencial de purines de granjas comerciales de España, ii) Evaluar la influencia de la inclusión en el pienso de una fuente de grasa (jabón cálcico de palma) y una fuente de fibra (pulpa de naranja) sobre la composición del purín y emisiones potenciales de NH 3 y CH 4 en cerdos en crecimiento y iii) Optimizar las técnicas de medición de las emisiones potenciales de NH 3 y CH 4 in vitro de purines de cerdo.Los resultados de esta Tesis indican que las características fisicoquímicas de purines de granjas comerciales de España varían ampliamente y el tipo de animal (madres vs. animales en crecimiento) afecta de forma relevante a los contenidos de nitrógeno total, nitrógeno amoniacal, potasio, calcio, cobre, sodio, zinc, ácidos grasos volátiles y el pH de los purines, y en consecuencia afectan también sus emisiones potenciales de NH 3 y CH 4 . Por lo tanto, la utilización óptima de purines de granjas comerciales como fertilizante agrícola o como insumo para la producción de biogás requiere su previa caracterización. Por otra parte, es probable que factores de manejo y el desperdicio del pienso por los cerdos en granjas comerciales influyan de forma relevante sobre las características de los purines y como tal sobre sus emisiones de NH 3 y CH 4 .La inclusión de jabón cálcico de palma (como fuente de grasa) y pulpa de naranja (como fuente de fibra) en dietas de cerdo de engorde produjo cambios significativos en la composición de purín. La inclusión de jabón cálcico de palma provocó mayores excreciones de extracto etéreo y proteína bruta, así mismo causó mayores emisiones de CH 4 y menores emisiones de NH 3 . La inclusión de pulpa de naranja alteró la composición fecal, ii pero no afectó significativamente a las emisiones de NH 3 y CH 4 . Por otro lado, se encontró evidencias de que menores consumos de proteína bruta (PB) (-14% de PB) permitiría reducir proporcionalmente mayores cantidades de emisiones de NH 3 (-66%). Esta misma tendencia se encontró entre la ingesta de energía bruta y las emisiones de CH 4 , de forma que reducciones de -20% en la ingesta de ...

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Section: Estrategias De Alimentación De Cerdos Para Reducir Las Emisiunclassified

Differential mRNA Expression in Rabbit In vivo Pre‐implantatory Embryos

Saenz-de-Juano¹,

Peñaranda²,

Marco‐Jiménez³

et al. 2010

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…However, it is likely that the heavy pigs may have higher CH4 production than lighter pigs; according to Jørgensen et al (2011) the general trend is an increase in CH4 emission in response to increasing BW.…”

Section: Figure 2 Contributions Of Different Activities To Environmementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental impact of the typical heavy pig production in Italy

Bava

Zucali

Sandrucci

et al. 2017

Journal of Cleaner Production

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The Italian pig sector is mainly focused on the production of heavy pigs used for the traditional drycured hams. At slaughter a minimum of 160 kg and 9 months age are required to comply with the production specifications of the ham consortia. Advancing livestock age and increasing fat deposition negatively affect feed conversion ratio, which is one of the main determinants of meat production environmental impact. The aim of the study was to provide a first evaluation of the environmental impact potentials of heavy pig production in Italy through a Life Cycle Assessment approach.Additional objectives were to identify the main hot spots and the most important data gaps in the analysis. A cradle to farm gate Life Cycle Assessment was performed in 6 intensive pig farms located in Northern Italy. Key parameters concerning on-farm activities, inputs and outputs were collected through personal interviews to the farmers. The functional unit was 1 kg liveweight. Direct land use change was considered in the emissions of imported soybean. The average pig slaughter liveweight was 168.7±33.3 kg. Environmental impacts per kg liveweight were generally higher than those generated in the production of pigs slaughtered at a lighter weight. The global warming potential was on average 4.25±1.03 kg CO2 eq/kg liveweight. Feed chain (crop production at farm and purchased feed) was the major source of impact for all the categories and the most important hotspot of heavy pig production. Farm size and reproductive efficiency are important factors in the environmental burden of heavy pig production: the largest and most efficient farm (as liveweight produced per sow) had impact potentials per kg liveweight much lower than those generated in the less efficient farm and similar to the ones reported on pigs slaughtered at a lower weight. The wide range of impact values within farms reveals opportunities for environmental improvements in the production of the traditional heavy pig. There is a need for further data and models on methane enteric emissions and nitrogen excretions above 100 kg of liveweight. HIGHLIGHTS Italian typical dry-cured ham production needs high pig weight and age at slaughter  Environmental impacts of heavy pig through the Life Cycle approach were assessed  Data were collected through personal interviews in 6 pig farms located in Northern Italy  Heavy pigs have impacts of per kg liveweight generally higher than light pigs  The wide range of impacts within farms reveals opportunities for GHG mitigation

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“…It is due to lactating sows are normally fed a high fiber diet to reduce their feed intake. This practice allows more time for fermentation and thus methanogenesis in the gastrointestinal tract, specifically in the large intestine (Le Goff et al, 2002; Jørgensen et al, 2011). This could also be the case when adult sows are fed restricted diets (2 to 2.5 kg dry matter/d) during the dry period and pregnancy, which reduces excessive weight gain and prevents health problems during farrowing and lactation (NRC, 1998).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Contribution of Poultry and Pig Production to Greenhouse Gas Emissions in South Korea Over the Last 10 Years (2005 through 2014)

Boontiam

Shin

Choi

et al. 2015

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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The goal of this study was to estimate the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), namely methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from poultry and pig production in South Korea over the last 10 years (2005 through 2014). The calculations of GHG emissions were based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. Over the study period, the CH4 emission from manure management decreased in layer chickens, nursery to finishing pigs and gestating to lactating sows, but there was a gradual increase in CH4 emission from broiler chickens and male breeding pigs. Both sows and nursery to finishing pigs were associated with greater emissions from enteric fermentation than the boars, especially in 2009. Layer chickens produced lower direct and indirect N2O emissions from 2009 to 2014, whereas the average direct and indirect N2O emissions from manure management for broiler chickens were 12.48 and 4.93 Gg CO2-eq/yr, respectively. Annual direct and indirect N2O emissions for broiler chickens tended to decrease in 2014. Average CO2 emission from direct on-farm energy uses for broiler and layer chickens were 46.62 and 136.56 Gg CO2-eq/yr, respectively. For pig sectors, the N2O emission from direct and indirect sources gradually increased, but they decreased for breeding pigs. Carbon dioxide emission from direct on-farm energy uses reached a maximum of 53.93 Gg CO2-eq/yr in 2009, but this total gradually declined in 2010 and 2011. For boars, the greatest CO2 emission occurred in 2012 and was 9.44 Gg CO2-eq/yr. Indirect N2O emission was the largest component of GHG emissions in broilers. In layer chickens, the largest contributing factor to GHG emissions was CO2 from direct on-farm energy uses. For pig production, the largest component of GHG emissions was CH4 from manure management, followed by CO2 emission from direct on-farm energy use and CH4 enteric fermentation emission, which accounted for 8.47, 2.85, and 2.82 Gg-CO2/yr, respectively. The greatest GHG emission intensity occurred in female breeding sows relative to boars. Overall, it is an important issue for the poultry and pig industry of South Korea to reduce GHG emissions with the effective approaches for the sustainability of agricultural practices.

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Enteric Methane Emission from Pigs

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Differential mRNA Expression in Rabbit In vivo Pre‐implantatory Embryos

Differential mRNA Expression in Rabbit In vivo Pre‐implantatory Embryos

Environmental impact of the typical heavy pig production in Italy

Assessment of the Contribution of Poultry and Pig Production to Greenhouse Gas Emissions in South Korea Over the Last 10 Years (2005 through 2014)

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