Entanglement-based continuous-variable quantum key distribution with multimode states and detectors

Usenko, Vladyslav C.; Ruppert, László; Filip, Radim

doi:10.1103/physreva.90.062326

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Such protocols were shown feasible on a proof-of-principle level by Su et al [123] without the additional modulation, and by Madsen et al [121] with additional optimal modulation of the entangled states. They were also studied concerning the possible multi-mode effects [124,125], which can affect the security of the CV QKD protocols with bright multimode (macroscopic) states of light [126,127].…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: A Threat and a Defense

Usenko

Filip

2016

Entropy

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104

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Abstract:We address the role of the phase-insensitive trusted preparation and detection noise in the security of a continuous-variable quantum key distribution, considering the Gaussian protocols on the basis of coherent and squeezed states and studying them in the conditions of Gaussian lossy and noisy channels. The influence of such a noise on the security of Gaussian quantum cryptography can be crucial, even despite the fact that a noise is trusted, due to a strongly nonlinear behavior of the quantum entropies involved in the security analysis. We recapitulate the known effect of the preparation noise in both direct and reverse-reconciliation protocols, as well as the detection noise in the reverse-reconciliation scenario. As a new result, we show the negative role of the trusted detection noise in the direct-reconciliation scheme. We also describe the role of the trusted preparation or detection noise added at the reference side of the protocols in improving the robustness of the protocols to the channel noise, confirming the positive effect for the coherent-state reverse-reconciliation protocol. Finally, we address the combined effect of trusted noise added both in the source and the detector.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: A Threat and a Defense

Usenko

Filip

2016

Entropy

Self Cite

104

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“…However, loss occurs as well on the stage of state preparation (e.g., it is well known that loss in the source reduces the level of squeezing [20]). On the other hand, modulation can be applied to many modes at once [18] and some of the modes may be directly accessible by an eavesdropper which may result in a zero-error security break similar to a photon-number-splitting attack in DV QKD [21] enabled by multiphoton generation in a signal source. Therefore, in the current paper we analyze side-channel leakage in the trusted station prior to modulation (side-channel attack on the signal states) and also consider multimode modulation such that the auxiliary modes are directly available to an eavesdropper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a leakage from state preparation

2017

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We address side-channel leakage in a trusted preparation station of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with coherent and squeezed states. We consider two different scenarios: multimode Gaussian modulation, directly accessible to an eavesdropper, or side-channel loss of the signal states prior to the modulation stage. We show the negative impact of excessive modulation on both the coherent-and squeezed-state protocols. The impact is more pronounced for squeezed-state protocols and may require optimization of squeezing in the case of noisy quantum channels. Further, we demonstrate that the coherent-state protocol is immune to side-channel signal state leakage prior to modulation, while the squeezed-state protocol is vulnerable to such attacks, becoming more sensitive to the noise in the channel. In the general case of noisy quantum channels the signal squeezing can be optimized to provide best performance of the protocol in the presence of side-channel leakage prior to modulation. Our results demonstrate that leakage from the trusted source in continuous-variable quantum key distribution should not be underestimated and squeezing optimization is needed to overcome coherent state protocols.

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“…The modes, which are not matched to the LO, are simply negligible, compared to the matched modes. Consequently, the multimode detectors allow to generate a secure key equivalently to the single-mode detection as it was recently shown in [13]. Now as a final step towards the use of classical beams, in the sense of their macroscopic character, for quantum communication, we consider the bright multimode states and waive the assumption of the weakness of the beams used for quantum communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Quantum communication with macroscopically bright nonclassical states

2015

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We analyze homodyne detection of macroscopically bright multimode nonclassical states of light and propose their application in quantum communication. We observe that the homodyne detection is sensitive to a mode-matching of the bright light to the highly intense local oscillator. Unmatched bright modes of light result in additional noise which technically limits detection of Gaussian entanglement at macroscopic level. When the mode-matching is sufficient, we show that multimode quantum key distribution with bright beams is feasible. It finally merges the quantum communication with classical optical technology of visible beams of light.

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Entanglement-based continuous-variable quantum key distribution with multimode states and detectors

Cited by 26 publications

References 60 publications

Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: A Threat and a Defense

Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: A Threat and a Defense

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution with a leakage from state preparation

Quantum communication with macroscopically bright nonclassical states

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