Quantum code construction from two classical codes D 1 [n, k 1 , d 1 ] and D 2 [n, k 2 , d 2 ] over the field F p m (p is prime and m is an integer) satisfying the dual containing criteria D ⊥ 1 ⊂ D 2 using the Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) framework is well-studied. We show that the generalization of the CSS framework for qubits to qudits yields two different classes of codes, namely, the F p -linear CSS codes and the well-known F p m -linear CSS codes based on the check matrix-based definition and the coset-based definition of CSS codes over qubits Our contribution to this work are three-folds (a) We study the properties of the F p -linear and F p m -linear CSS codes and demonstrate the trade-off for designing codes with higher rates or better error detection and correction capability, useful for quantum systems. (b) For F p m -linear CSS codes, we provide the explicit form of the check matrix and show that the minimum distances d x and d z are equal to d 2 and d 1 , respectively, if and only if the code is non-degenerate. (c) We propose two classes of quantum codes obtained from the codes D 1 and D 2 , where one code is an F p l -linear code (l divides m) and the other code is obtained from a particular subgroup of the stabilizer group of the F p m -linear CSS code. Within each class of codes, we demonstrate the trade-off between higher rates and better error detection and correction capability.
INDEX TERMSQuantum error correction, F p m -linear CSS codes, F p m -linear CSS codes, Dual containing codes, Qudit Codes, CSS-like codes.