Ensuring water availability in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia: evaluation of the water supply sub-project

Oyedotun, Temitope D. Timothy

doi:10.1007/s13201-017-0568-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…e Ghba subbasin is known for its high socioeconomic development in the Tigray National Regional state [21]. e size of the population in the subbasin is increasing so alarmingly because of emerging new cities and the expansion of industries, livestock, and modern irrigated agriculture [22]. e population water intake is taking a significant share of the water resources that are either from the river, runoff, deep well, and/or shallow well.…”

Section: Hydrometeorology and Socioeconomic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Current Water Use over the Complex Topography of the Nile Basin Headwaters: The Case of Ghba Subbasin, Ethiopia

Hiben

Awoke

Ashenafi

2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Quantifying the available and useable water is critical work in any water resource study and design project. However, it is challenging to provide a robust and accurate estimation of water use and distribution for better water resource management and planning. This study aims to estimate the water use by different sectors, including water supply and irrigation sectors, by adopting estimated demand and supply water quantity. The current total population of the subbasin has been estimated to be 1.21 million. Thus, in the subbasin, current water use is estimated as follows: domestic and nondomestic water use in the rural area is 3.5 Mm3/year and 0.174 Mm3/year, respectively. The domestic water use of the towns is 12.77 Mm3/year. The industrial water use of the urban areas is 21.2 Mm3/year, whereas the commercial, public, and institutional water use are 1.87 Mm3/year. The real loss for all the water supply uses is 7.8 Mm3/year. Thus, the total current water supply uses are about 47.225 Mm3/year. From the existing irrigation schemes, about 10,254.8 ha areas are irrigated by both smallholders and different investors, growing vegetables, cereals, and fruit trees. The annual irrigation water requirements of these schemes are computed to be 151.55 Mm3. Livestock water demand of the subbasin was assessed and estimated based on the population and consumption rates of the species. Currently, the subbasin has a total livestock population of 1,527,835, and the water demand of which is estimated at 5.3 Mm3 per annum. Hence, the total current water use estimate of the subbasin is 204.1 Mm3.

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Section: Hydrometeorology and Socioeconomic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Current Water Use over the Complex Topography of the Nile Basin Headwaters: The Case of Ghba Subbasin, Ethiopia

Hiben

Awoke

Ashenafi

2022

Advances in Civil Engineering

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“…The assessment of this project's intervention demonstrates that the subbasin's water supply has grown considerably as a result of the initiative. However, the increased supply of water has not been able to keep up with the previously established and rising demand (Hiben et al, 2016;Oyedotun, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Future Water Demand for Resilient Water Allocation under Socioeconomic and Climate Change Scenarios, a Case of Ghba Subbasin, Northern Ethiopia

Hiben,

Awoke,

Ashenafi

2023

Preprint

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The impact of climate change on water resources is a global issue with significant regional implications. The Ghba subbasin has experienced a higher socioeconomic change. In this paper, we assess the potential impact of climate change and human activity on water supply and demand in the Ghba subbasin of Ethiopia. We then evaluate the effectiveness of regional adaptation strategies for water supply management under these conditions. To do this, we use the statistical downscaling model (SDSM) and the water assessment and planning tool (WEAP) to simulate and analyse future water conditions. After running the model through a calibration and validation process, minimum (Tmin) and maximum (Tmax) temperatures, water demand and unmet water demand were projected for 2100 horizon, using different climate change scenarios. The results showed that the model's performance, calibration, and validation were all satisfactory. The analysis showed that, under A2 and B2 emission scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the mean precipitation will increase by 31% and 26%, respectively. The projected mean Tmax and Tmin will be warmer than the baseline period, with Tmax increasing by 1.5°C (A2) and 1.3°C (B2), and Tmin by 1.7°C (A2) and 1.5°C (B2) by 2100. The results also illustrate that in all scenarios, water consumption would rise and that this need will not be satisfied, and the pressure on water resources will intensify, resulting in a water shortage. The findings show that future water demand under the influence of climate change is projected to exceed 210 million cubic meters (MCM) by 2100. The findings show that while the evaluations of the recommended adaption techniques are effective, they are not enough to guarantee the Ghba subbasin's water sustainability.

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“…The copyright holder has made the manuscript available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license and consented to have it forwarded to EarthArXiv for public posting.license EarthArXivMore than 80% of the population in Tigray lives in rural areas where sources of water supply are mainly shallow wells, open water sources, springs, and some deeper wells. Water supply in urban areas is mainly dependent on dams and deep wells(Oyedotun, 2017; Tigray Water Resources Bureau, 2020). The regional water consumption standards in Tigray were set to 25 L/c/d (Liter per capita per day) at a 1 km radius (on spot schemes) for rural areas, and 40 to 80…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the impact of war on the water supply infrastructure in Tigray, Ethiopia

Shishaye¹,

Gebremicael²,

Meresa³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Armed conflicts throughout the world can have substantial impacts on private and public infrastructure and its people. Over the last two decades, the regional government of Tigray in Ethiopia has invested extensively in developing surface and groundwater resources for water supply leading to 61% of rural and 57% of urban populations having access to safe drinking water by 2020. However, the Ethiopian Government and its allies&rsquor; invasion of Tigray in the early November 2020 led to considerable damage and devastation of Tigray's water infrastructure. This study assessed the damage to Tigray's water supply systems and determined the impact on its people. The study, conducted between late 2021 and early 2022, found that the destruction reduced the rural and urban water supply coverage of the region by over 50% (i.e., reduced to 28% and 25%, respectively). The war exposed more than 3.7 million people in Tigray to a shortage of drinking water supply and water-related risks, such as disease and food insecurity. Over the past 15 months of the war, the damage to the water supply infrastructures in Tigray was considerably higher than in other regional conflicts, with the damage in Tigray being 15% higher than the damage to Syria's drinking water supply infrastructures over 10 years of conflict and 6% higher than the damage to Yemen's water supply infrastructures over seven years of conflict. This study shows the significant and long-term impacts armed conflict can have on a developing country's water infrastructure and people. In future conflicts, monitors and aid agencies must assess this more adequately to limit the impact on civilian populations.

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Ensuring water availability in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia: evaluation of the water supply sub-project

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Estimation of Current Water Use over the Complex Topography of the Nile Basin Headwaters: The Case of Ghba Subbasin, Ethiopia

Estimation of Current Water Use over the Complex Topography of the Nile Basin Headwaters: The Case of Ghba Subbasin, Ethiopia

Assessment of Future Water Demand for Resilient Water Allocation under Socioeconomic and Climate Change Scenarios, a Case of Ghba Subbasin, Northern Ethiopia

Assessing the impact of war on the water supply infrastructure in Tigray, Ethiopia

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