Ensuring the Abrasive Jet Machining Efficiency Using a Nozzle with a Perforated Insert

Abstract

Ejector-cleaning devices for abrasive jet machining have various practical applications. The working nozzle is one of the device’s key elements affecting the treated surface quality. There arises the necessity for new approaches to achieving an efficiency increase in abrasive jet equipment nozzles, namely their design improvement and further development of a new, relatively cheap but effective technology for their manufacturing and maintenance. This technology should allow for the high durability of nozzles without being essential for the hardness or wear resistance parameters of the material used for manufacturing. The nozzle should be designed as a long-length perforated insert to allow for radial airflow, forcing the abrasive material (river sand) from the inner walls of the nozzle’s working surface to reduce its friction with the abrasive material. This will result in new wear-out conditions, providing an essential decrease in the wear-out of a nozzle’s working surface. The article aims to develop a more effective design for the working nozzle based on the perforated insert application. The task was set to provide a more detailed experimental and theoretical study of the processes in perforated nozzles to improve their effectiveness. The research resulted in a new design for nozzles with higher efficiency.