Ensuring Sustainable Freight Carriage through Interoperability between Maritime and Rail Transport

Jarašūnienė, Aldona; Čižiūnienė, Kristina

doi:10.3390/su132212766

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The process of loading bulk cargo involves the utilization of a crane or a conveyor system to facilitate the transfer of goods from an elevated position. In order to provide optimal distribution, dry bulk cargo within the cargo compartment should be positioned in a manner that promotes evenness across the entire floor area [14]. Specifically, the center of the cargo should align with the longitudinal line of the axis of symmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Relative Importance of Factors Affecting the Conveyance of Bulk and Liquid Cargo

Čižiūnienė,

Matijošius,

Liebuvienė

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The transportation of bulk or liquid cargo is crucial for ensuring the delivery of such cargo to areas lacking well-established infrastructure or favorable natural conditions. These areas may lack sufficient rail or air transport accessibility, or may not have suitable embankments along rivers, lakes or seas with appropriate loading and unloading facilities. Regarding distinctive characteristics, we would like to emphasize the following: (1) Efficient freight accessibility without the need for more infrastructure that is tailored to the existing natural circumstances; (2) An efficient and cost-effective mode of transportation for the movement of small quantities of goods; (3) The cargo philosophy is designed to meet customer expectations by providing a convenient and personalised service that is focused on delivering goods directly to their door. This research employed theoretical methodologies to characterize the primary force exerted by vehicles in the transportation of bulk and liquid commodities (the relationship between centrifugal force and speed and the relationship between the center of gravity and speed). Furthermore, by using expert assessment, the significance indicators pertaining to the individual criteria impacting the transportation of bulk and liquid cargoes were ascertained, along with the identification of their interrelationships (comparison of the different forces in the transportation process of bulk and liquid cargoes, comparison of the criteria of centrifugal force in the transportation process of bulk and liquid cargoes, comparison of the dangerous factors in the transportation process of bulk and liquid cargoes, comparison of the critical level of tank filling in the transportation process of bulk and liquid cargoes, and comparison of the factors that can affect the dynamics of a vehicle in the transportation process of bulk and liquid cargoes).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Relative Importance of Factors Affecting the Conveyance of Bulk and Liquid Cargo

Čižiūnienė,

Matijošius,

Liebuvienė

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…The effect of this force on the side structures of the vehicle body on which the loads rest is of particular concern [6]. However, undesirable consequences, which sometimes may even be tragic, can be avoided by using specially adapted vehicle body structures and the reliable fastening of loads [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…avoided by using specially adapted vehicle body structures and the reliable fastening of loads [7]. This is especially important when transporting specific cargo [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Determining the Priority Order of Forces Acting on a Vehicle Transporting Logs

et al. 2023

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When transporting different types of cargo, the factors affecting the cargo must be assessed to ensure a safe and fast transportation process. However, the specificity of the cargo means that the standard assessment methods do not reflect the existing conditions or are standard at the theoretical and/or recommendation level. Therefore, in the event of a traffic accident, when a vehicle or cargo is damaged or other traffic participants are put at rink, assessment of the situation is difficult and requires an expert assessment. Then, the most optimal means of accomplishing this is to simulate transportation parameters with a specific vehicle and cargo. The transportation of wooden logs is a very specific method of transportation where, in addition to the weight of the load itself, it is necessary to assess how the load affects the dynamics of the vehicle. Therefore, determining the priority of the forces that act on the vehicle carrying wooden logs becomes very important in order to model the transport parameters of this cargo. This article uses an analytical survey, an expert survey and its analysis, and methods to determine correlations. Given the fact that the main forces acting on the load most often manifest during a turn, this study assessed road turns and the respective speed on them as the main parameters. Other parameters, such as road roughness and roundabouts, were not assessed, because they would be an object of long-distance research. The study results revealed that the main forces affecting a vehicle transporting logs manifest in the following priority order: inertial forces, gravity forces, frictional forces and, finally, centrifugal forces.

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“…Beijing Law Review, 14, 621-633. https://doi.org/10.4236/blr.2023.142032 21 st century as pirate groups have become more capable of attacking vessels further away from the coastline due to better equipment and resources. The International Maritime Bureau Piracy Reporting Centre (IMBPRC) recently stated approximately two hundred and fifty attacks on shipping vessels, with twenty-six being successfully hijacked between January and June of 2021 alone (Jarašūnienė & Čižiūnienė, 2021). The perceived global community's incompetence or inability to reduce the level of piracy activity or adequately tackle the cause of the problem led to repeated calls for flag states to use security guards on shipping vessels to protect these ships and their crews from the threat of piracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legal Frameworks Arising from Using Armed Guards Onboard Ships: Challenges and the Way Forward

Osaloni¹

2023

BLR

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This paper will look at the changing role of Privately Contracted Armed Security Professionals, particularly national authority over their operations in international treaties, and describe the plethora of legal frameworks and industry-led policies that have arisen in the marine security. This will begin by illustrating the emergence of corporate naval security alongside the framework of the contemporary maritime industry's development. It will next assess the primary conceptual model laws in international norms that serve as sources of law for corporate maritime security actions, specifically UNCLOS, SUA, SOLAS, UN Firearms Protocol, as well as the Principle of Self-Defense and the Doctrine of Necessity. It will go into the tests of establishing whether, as alleged by some coastal state-governments, the presence of uniformed soldiers on board a commercial ship constitutes an impediment to innocuous passage or requires prior information. The entirety of the paper will discuss how the industry reacted to the surge in the maritime security field, including the emergence of legal framework, industry-led rules, behavioural standards, and certificate programmes designed to bring management gaps left by hard-law structures and restore stability, supervision, and responsibility to the maritime industry. The "Montreux Document, the International Code of Ethics for Private Security Services, and International Maritime Organization Circulars" are a few examples of this kind of advice. The report will culminate with a review of results and predictions for the legislative developments in the industry going forward.

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Ensuring Sustainable Freight Carriage through Interoperability between Maritime and Rail Transport

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Comparison of the Relative Importance of Factors Affecting the Conveyance of Bulk and Liquid Cargo

Comparison of the Relative Importance of Factors Affecting the Conveyance of Bulk and Liquid Cargo

Research Determining the Priority Order of Forces Acting on a Vehicle Transporting Logs

The Legal Frameworks Arising from Using Armed Guards Onboard Ships: Challenges and the Way Forward

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